全球(南方)的集体负担:对非正规住区与气候有关的危害现状的系统审查

IF 4.2 1区 地球科学 Q1 GEOSCIENCES, MULTIDISCIPLINARY International journal of disaster risk reduction Pub Date : 2024-11-01 DOI:10.1016/j.ijdrr.2024.104940
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引用次数: 0

摘要

目前,有 10 亿居民居住在非正规住区,其特点是缺乏城市服务、住房不足、土地使用权无保障以及更容易受到与气候有关的灾害的影响。在政府极少支持的情况下,这些社区承担着管理气候风险的重担。本系统性综述利用 Scopus 和 Web of Science 数据库,对过去 23 年来调查全球非正规住区气候相关危害的同行评审文献进行了识别和综合。搜索关键词包括 "非正规住区或贫民窟 "和 "山体滑坡 "或 "热应力 "或 "热浪 "或 "城市热岛 "或 "洪水 "或 "水资源短缺"。审查显示,已发表的关于非正规住区气候灾害的文章呈上升趋势,尤其是在过去六年中。在确定的 415 篇论文中,大多数(约 70%)侧重于洪水风险影响和适应措施。我们发现了六种新趋势,包括:1)性别分析;2)扩大人口规模;3)适应行动;4)可转移性;5)地理信息系统和遥感;6)建设气候复原力。尽管非正规居住区普遍存在高温现象,但针对热相关危害(如热应力或城市热岛)的研究却不充分。个人或家庭主要开展降低风险和适应气候变化的工作,很少有变革性的多利益相关方倡议。开发一个可转让的、基于社区的气候风险评估模型,可以大大提高非正规住区对与气候相关的危害和灾害风险的抵御能力和适应能力,同时强调协作性、多规模战略的必要性。
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A global (South) collective burden: A systematic review of the current state of climate-related hazards in informal settlements
Currently, 1 billion residents inhabit informal settlements characterized by a lack of urban services, inadequate housing, insecure land tenure, and heightened vulnerability to climate-related hazards. With minimal governmental support, these communities bear the burden of managing climate risks. This systematic review utilized Scopus and Web of Science databases to identify and synthesize peer-reviewed literature investigating global climate-related hazards in informal settlements over the past 23 years. Search terms included "Informal Settlements OR Slums" AND "Landslide" OR "Heat Stress" OR "Heatwaves " OR "Urban Heat Island" OR "Flooding" OR "Water Scarcity". The review reveals a rising trend in published articles on climate-related hazards in informal settlements, particularly in the last six years. Of the 415 papers identified, the majority (approximately 70 %) focus on flood risk impacts and adaptation measures. We identified six emerging trends, including 1) gender analysis, 2) scaling demographies, 3) adaption actions, 4) transferability, 5) GIS and remote sensing, and 6) building climate resilience. Despite the prevalence of high temperatures in informal settlement areas, studies addressing heat-related hazards, such as heat stress or Urban Heat Island, are underdeveloped. Individuals or households predominantly carry out risk reduction and adaptation efforts, with few transformative, multi-stakeholder initiatives observed. Developing a transferable, community-based climate risk assessment model could significantly enhance resilience and adaptive capacity to climate-related hazards and disaster risks in informal settlements, emphasizing the need for collaborative, multi-scale strategies.
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来源期刊
International journal of disaster risk reduction
International journal of disaster risk reduction GEOSCIENCES, MULTIDISCIPLINARYMETEOROLOGY-METEOROLOGY & ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES
CiteScore
8.70
自引率
18.00%
发文量
688
审稿时长
79 days
期刊介绍: The International Journal of Disaster Risk Reduction (IJDRR) is the journal for researchers, policymakers and practitioners across diverse disciplines: earth sciences and their implications; environmental sciences; engineering; urban studies; geography; and the social sciences. IJDRR publishes fundamental and applied research, critical reviews, policy papers and case studies with a particular focus on multi-disciplinary research that aims to reduce the impact of natural, technological, social and intentional disasters. IJDRR stimulates exchange of ideas and knowledge transfer on disaster research, mitigation, adaptation, prevention and risk reduction at all geographical scales: local, national and international. Key topics:- -multifaceted disaster and cascading disasters -the development of disaster risk reduction strategies and techniques -discussion and development of effective warning and educational systems for risk management at all levels -disasters associated with climate change -vulnerability analysis and vulnerability trends -emerging risks -resilience against disasters. The journal particularly encourages papers that approach risk from a multi-disciplinary perspective.
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