Swaroop Chakraborty, Nathan Langford, Yvonne Kohl, Dimitra-Danai Varsou, Sascha Wien, William Stokes, Evangelos Papaioannou, Kata Berkesi, Andrew Britton, Bashiru Ibrahim, Antreas Afantitis, Alexandros Zoikis Karathanasis, Laurence Andrew Nelson, Eugenia Valsami-Jones
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Specifically, we examined the aging of Ni-watt type and Ni Watt-SiC nanocomposite coatings in various environmental and biological media. Our release and transformation data indicate an enhanced release and transformation of Ni in the simulated media (e.g., up to 200 μg/mL in cell culture media) and the formation of NiO and Ni (OH)₂ species as confirmed by XPS analysis. Transmission electron microscopy data reveals the release of SiC NPs in the respective simulated aging medium. The Ni ion release from Ni-watt type and Ni-SiC nanocomposite coating was also investigated in silico to support safe-by-design (SbD) approaches in the development of nanoalloys for electroplating. An invitro cytotoxicity assay, according to ISO shows a significant reduction in cell viability for Ni-SiC nanocomposite coated samples (up to 80% after 72 hours) compared to standalone Ni-Watt type electroplated coatings (up to 20% after 72 hours). Our findings suggest that the co-deposition of Ni with SiC NPs enhances Ni release, which is a major factor in causing toxicity. These results could be pivotal in the adoption of Safe and Sustainable by Design principles within the electroplating industry. This paper contributes to the fields of nanotoxicology and surface coatings, providing a foundation for designing and optimising environmentally friendly, high-performance coatings with broad industrial applications","PeriodicalId":73,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Science: Nano","volume":"72 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.8000,"publicationDate":"2024-11-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Are Ni-SiC Nanoparticle Electroplated Coatings a Safer Alternative to Hard Chromium? 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引用次数: 0
摘要
考虑到人们对利用纳米粒子（NPs）制造先进、安全和可持续涂层的兴趣与日俱增，本文探讨了与碳化镍-碳化硅（Ni-SiC）电镀纳米复合涂层相关的毒理学问题，以替代传统的铬电沉积。我们提出了 Ni-SiC 纳米复合涂层作为潜在的替代品，并全面调查了浸渍 SiC 颗粒对涂层性能的影响。具体来说，我们研究了镍瓦型和镍瓦-SiC 纳米复合涂层在各种环境和生物介质中的老化情况。我们的释放和转化数据表明，镍在模拟介质中的释放和转化增强了（例如，在细胞培养基中高达 200 μg/mL），并形成了镍氧化物和镍（OH）₂物种，XPS 分析证实了这一点。透射电子显微镜数据显示了 SiC NPs 在相应的模拟老化介质中的释放。此外，还对 Ni-watt 型和 Ni-SiC 纳米复合涂层的镍离子释放进行了硅学研究，以支持电镀用纳米合金开发中的安全设计（SbD）方法。根据 ISO 标准进行的体外细胞毒性测试表明，与独立的镍-瓦特型电镀涂层（72 小时后细胞存活率最高为 20%）相比，镍-SiC 纳米复合涂层样品的细胞存活率显著降低（72 小时后细胞存活率最高为 80%）。我们的研究结果表明，镍与 SiC NPs 的共沉积增强了镍的释放，而镍的释放是导致毒性的主要因素。这些结果对于电镀行业采用安全和可持续设计原则至关重要。这篇论文为纳米毒理学和表面涂层领域做出了贡献，为设计和优化具有广泛工业应用的环保型高性能涂层奠定了基础。
Are Ni-SiC Nanoparticle Electroplated Coatings a Safer Alternative to Hard Chromium? A Comprehensive Aging, Toxicity, and In Silico Studies to Assess Safety by Design
Considering the increasing interest in utilising nanoparticles (NPs) for advanced, safe, and sustainable coatings, this paper addresses the toxicological concerns associated with Nickel-Silicon Carbide (Ni-SiC) electroplated nanocomposite coatings as an alternative to conventional chromium electrodeposition. We present Ni-SiC nanocomposite coatings as potential substitutes and conduct a comprehensive investigation into the impact of impregnated SiC particles on coating properties. Specifically, we examined the aging of Ni-watt type and Ni Watt-SiC nanocomposite coatings in various environmental and biological media. Our release and transformation data indicate an enhanced release and transformation of Ni in the simulated media (e.g., up to 200 μg/mL in cell culture media) and the formation of NiO and Ni (OH)₂ species as confirmed by XPS analysis. Transmission electron microscopy data reveals the release of SiC NPs in the respective simulated aging medium. The Ni ion release from Ni-watt type and Ni-SiC nanocomposite coating was also investigated in silico to support safe-by-design (SbD) approaches in the development of nanoalloys for electroplating. An invitro cytotoxicity assay, according to ISO shows a significant reduction in cell viability for Ni-SiC nanocomposite coated samples (up to 80% after 72 hours) compared to standalone Ni-Watt type electroplated coatings (up to 20% after 72 hours). Our findings suggest that the co-deposition of Ni with SiC NPs enhances Ni release, which is a major factor in causing toxicity. These results could be pivotal in the adoption of Safe and Sustainable by Design principles within the electroplating industry. This paper contributes to the fields of nanotoxicology and surface coatings, providing a foundation for designing and optimising environmentally friendly, high-performance coatings with broad industrial applications
期刊介绍：
Environmental Science: Nano serves as a comprehensive and high-impact peer-reviewed source of information on the design and demonstration of engineered nanomaterials for environment-based applications. It also covers the interactions between engineered, natural, and incidental nanomaterials with biological and environmental systems. This scope includes, but is not limited to, the following topic areas:
Novel nanomaterial-based applications for water, air, soil, food, and energy sustainability
Nanomaterial interactions with biological systems and nanotoxicology
Environmental fate, reactivity, and transformations of nanoscale materials
Nanoscale processes in the environment
Sustainable nanotechnology including rational nanomaterial design, life cycle assessment, risk/benefit analysis
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