Procoagulant, antibacterial and antioxidant high-strength porous hydrogel adhesives in situ formed via self-gelling hemostatic microsheets for emergency hemostasis and wound repair

Procoagulant, antibacterial and analgesic hemostatic hydrogel dressing with high wet tissue adhesion, ultra-high burst pressure, and easy preparation shows huge promising for rapid hemostasis in emergencies, yet it remains a challenge. Herein, we propose hemostatic microsheets based on quaternized chitosan-g-gallic acid (QCS-GA) and oxidized hyaluronic acid (OHA), which merge the benefits of sponges, hydrogels, and powders for rapid hemostasis and efficient wound healing. Specifically, they exhibit a large specific surface area and excellent hydrophilicity, rapidly absorbing blood and self-gelling through electrostatic interaction and Schiff base crosslinking. And this results in dense, porous hydrogel adhesives with superior mechanical properties, adhesion strength, and ultra-high burst pressure. Furthermore, the microsheets are biocompatible, biodegradable, and possess procoagulant, antibacterial, and antioxidant properties. In mouse and rat liver hemorrhage models, the optimized formulation (QCS-GA + OHA4) demonstrated superior hemostatic effects compared to Celox. In particular, QCS-GA + OHA4 microsheets could stop bleeding quickly from rat femoral artery transection and deliver lidocaine to provide analgesia during emergency treatment. Additionally, they promoted wound healing in mouse full-thickness skin defect wound. These easy-to-manufacture hemostatic microsheets are adaptable to irregular wounds, providing a novel solution for rapid hemostasis and wound healing.