Multi-dimensional factors associated with adequate social participation among stroke survivors based on the social ecological model: A cross-sectional study on the gender and living place differences

This cross-sectional study aimed to investigate the multi-dimensional factors associated with adequate social participation among stroke survivors based on the social ecological model, and to identify the gender and living place differences. A total of 470 stroke survivors were recruited through convenience sampling method in two northern tertiary hospitals in China. Stepwise multiple logistic regression models showed that multi-dimensional factors (except for political factors) accounted for 10.10 % of the variance in adequate social participation. Intrapersonal (i.e., anxiety, motivation) and physical environmental factors (i.e., healthcare service accessibility) were strong associated determinants. Health condition (i.e., stroke sequelae) was one of significant determinants of perceiving adequacy in participation only for females. Interpersonal (i.e., social support) and organizational factors (i.e., frequency of community activities) were significant predictors of participation only for males and people living in rural. Comprehensive interventions addressing negative emotions, improving social support and integrating community resources are necessary for full social participation among stroke survivors.