Application of the Caprini risk model in preventing deep venous thrombosis formation in patients with nephrotic syndrome.

Objective: To explore the effectiveness of the Caprini model in preventing Deep venous thrombosis (DVT) in patients with nephrotic syndrome (NS), in order to provide a reference for reducing poor prognosis in patients with NS.

Methods: A retrospective study was conducted on 150 cases of NS patients treated at Zibo Central Hospital from January 2021 to January 2023. Their clinical data were collected from the medical record management system of the hospital. The patients were divided into two groups: an observation group (75 patients) who received Caprini risk evaluation at admission and designed interventions based on their risk level, and a routine group (75 patients) who received conventional interventions. Clinical data, including the occurrence of DVT, renal function, inflammation, complications and satisfaction with the work of medical staff, were compared between the evaluation and routine groups.

Results: The incidence of DVT in the observation group (6.67%) was significantly lower than that in the Routine group (17.33%) (P < 0.05). Three days after surgery, the difference in thigh circumference increased in both groups. However over time, the difference decreased, with the observation group consistently showing lower values (P < 0.05). On the fifth day after surgery, the D-D level was lower, and PT level higher in the observation group compared to the Routine group (both P < 0.05). Before intervention, 24 h urinary protein, BUN, SCr, WBC, Hs-CRP and IL-6 levels were similar between the two groups (all P > 0.05). After intervention, renal function and inflammation improved in both groups, with greater improvement observed in the observation group (P < 0.05). Additionally, the incidence of complications (except DVT) in the observation group (8.00%) was lower than in the Routine group (21.33%) (P < 0.05). Patients in the observation group also reported higher satisfaction with nursing and treatment.

Conclusion: The Caprini score is an effective tool for guiding predictive care in NS patients, significantly reducing the risk of DVT. Additionally, implementing risk-based interventions according to the Caprini score enhances renal function, decreases the incidence of complications, and improves patient satisfaction with nursing and treatment.