Efficacy of Myricetin Supplementation on Glucose and Lipid Metabolism: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of In Vivo Mice Studies.

Background/objectives: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a disorder characterized by insulin resistance, hyperglycemia, and dyslipidemia. Myricetin, a flavonoid found in various plants, has shown potential anti-diabetic effects in murine studies. This meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the impact of myricetin supplementation on glucose metabolism and lipid profiles in mouse models of metabolic diseases.

Methods: A systematic review and meta-analysis were conducted in accordance with PRISMA guidelines (PROSPERO: CRD42024591569). Studies involving mice with metabolic disease models and exclusively using myricetin supplementation were checked across four databases (Embase, Scopus, PubMed, and WoS) until 23rd September 2024. The primary outcomes assessed were blood glucose (BG), insulin levels, triacylglycerol (TAG), total cholesterol (TC), HDL, and LDL. A random-effects model was applied to estimate standardized mean differences (SMD), and SYRCLE's risk-of-bias tool for animal studies was used.

Results: Twenty-one studies with 514 mice met the inclusion criteria. Myricetin supplementation significantly reduced BG (SMD = -1.45, CI: -1.91 to -0.99, p < 0.00001, I² = 74%), insulin (SMD = -1.78, CI: -2.89 to -0.68, p = 0.002, I² = 86%), TAG (SMD = -2.60, CI: -3.24 to -1.96, p < 0.00001, I² = 81%), TC (SMD = -1.86, CI: -2.29 to -1.44, p < 0.00001, I² = 62%), and LDL (SMD = -2.95, CI: -3.75 to -2.14, p < 0.00001, I² = 74%). However, the effect on HDL was not statistically significant (SMD = 0.71, CI: -0.01 to 1.43, p = 0.05, I² = 83%).

Conclusions: Myricetin supplementation improved glucose metabolism and lipid profiles in mouse models, suggesting its potential as a therapeutic agent for managing T2DM. However, further research is needed to confirm these findings in human studies.