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引用次数: 0

摘要

本研究探讨了医务工作者对残疾人和健康能力有限者的态度特点,分析了出现包容性医疗保健的先决条件。联合国组织和世界卫生组织的文件对保护残疾人人权和自由以及在社会中保留包容性医疗保健的条件具有重要意义。从医学心理学角度确定了医生在俄罗斯联邦实际落实这一现象中的作用。事实证明,残疾人的个性特征与他们的病名无关,因为即使是患有精神疾病的残疾人也可能心理健康。在这一假设的基础上,揭示了医生在全纳保健中的作用,即认识到自己在为残疾人和健康能力有限者提供医疗社会心理支持方面所做的贡献。医生将成为调动有生理或心理缺陷者医疗心理资源的积极分子。研究考虑了医生在通过医学心理建议尽量减少健康障碍后遗症的过程中的立场和活动,这些建议包含对自身劣势的 "挑战 "的判断,并导致对自身劣势的补偿。建议医生以这类患者为目标,指导他们在生活方式上缺乏节制。这一建议意味着要通过制定超出其资源能力的任务,解决这类病人融入社会(事实上是融入)的问题。包容性医疗保健的概念已经形成。其核心是实现医生对残疾人、健康能力有限的残疾人和残障人士的人文专业和公民立场。
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[The medical psychological concept of inclusive health care].

This study considers characteristics of attitude of medical workers to the disabled and persons with limited health capacities.The prerequisites of emergence of inclusive health care emergence were analyzed. The significance of documents of the UNO and the WHO considering both protection and conditions of granting human rights and freedoms to the disabled and reserving inclusive health care in society. The role of physicians in practical implementation of this phenomenon in the Russian Federation is determined from medical psychological positions. It is demonstrated that personality characteristics of the disabled are non-specific regarding their nosology since even the mentally ill disabled can be psychologically healthy. On basis of this assumption the role of physician in inclusive health care is revealed that comes to awareness of one's contribution to medical social psychological support of the disabled and persons with limited health capacities. The physician is to come out as activator of mobilization of medical psychological resources of persons with physical or mental defects. The study considers positions and activities of physician in the process of minimization of aftermaths of health disorder by means of medical psychological recommendations containing determination of "challenge" of one's own inferiority and resulting in leading to its compensation. The physicians are proposed to be guided by targeting this category of patients to lacking of sparing regimen in their life-style. This proposal means to resolve problem of integration of this category of patients into society (inclusion in fact) by setting tasks that are on verge of their resource capabilities. The concept of inclusive health care is formulated. Its core is actualization by physicians humanistic professional and civic position towards the disabled and persons with limited health capacities with disabilities and handicapped persons.

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234
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