A Pulsed Bubble-Driven Efficient Liquid-Solid Triboelectric Nanogenerator

Harnessing energy from underwater bubbles has garnered significant attention, particularly for powering off-grid circuitry. However, the efficiency of bubble-driven liquid-solid interface charge transfer remains low. This research unveils a phenomenon: accelerated bubble slippage enhances liquid-solid interfacial charge transfer. Building upon this discovery, a pulse bubble-based power generation technique is proposed, achieving an energy density of 24.2 mJ L⁻¹ generated by pulsed bubbles. The crux of pulse bubble power generation lies in the precise control of impact velocity. By meticulously regulating the impact kinetic energy of bubbles, the accumulated potential energy of multiple small bubbles is converted into instantaneous pulse kinetic energy. A typical pulse bubble is controlled within a 72 ms timeframe, unleashing a surge of energy that can directly illuminate 400 light-emitting diodes. This approach represents a groundbreaking advancement in underwater energy harvesting technology, dramatically expanding its potential applications.