洪泛区木棉林中银毛蝙蝠产仔群的巢穴特征和忠诚度

IF 2.8 2区 环境科学与生态学 Q1 BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION Conservation Science and Practice Pub Date : 2024-10-10 DOI:10.1111/csp2.13243
Nathan A. Schwab, Tessa N. Chesonis, Kyle Doherty, Philip Ramsey
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摘要

人们对迁徙性树栖蝙蝠物种的母性栖息行为仍然知之甚少。从 2016 年到 2020 年,我们对 53 只成年雌性银发蝙蝠(Lasionycteris noctivagans)进行了无线电标记,并追踪它们到白天的栖息地,以评估它们在蒙大拿州西部比特鲁特河洪泛区的一片木棉(杨树)林中的栖息习性。我们调查了产卵群的栖息树特征,如树冠闭合度、树木大小和腐烂阶段,以及被标记蝙蝠的日常栖息忠诚度。此外,我们还用被动集成转发器(PIT)标签标记了 55 只蝙蝠,以评估它们对夏季栖息地的年际忠诚度。我们追踪蝙蝠到了 94 棵独特的栖息树。根据以前的研究,我们预计银毛蝙蝠产仔群会在高大、直径较大的树上栖息。我们将栖息概率建模为树高、年日以及这些因素相互作用的函数。我们发现,蝙蝠在一年的早期更喜欢高大的树木,但在整个季节中,蝙蝠的总体栖息概率会下降,而在一年的后期,树木高度对栖息概率的影响较小。蝙蝠在妊娠期和哺乳期的早期腐烂阶段使用树冠闭合度高的高大树木,而在季节后期,这些树木属性的影响减弱,可能是在哺乳期之后,成年雌性蝙蝠的能量限制减少,白天进入休眠状态,为迁徙做准备。蝙蝠在育雏期间平均使用了5.2棵栖息树,并在同一栖息地连续停留平均1.5天。虽然每天的栖息地忠诚度很低,但我们记录了九只蝙蝠对夏季栖息地的年际忠诚度。我们发现银毛蝙蝠的栖息偏好随时间而变化,并具有树木特异性,因此保护银毛蝙蝠的政策应管理洪水系统,以促进木棉树的建立、高度增长和河岸栖息地的镶嵌。
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Roost characteristics and fidelity of silver-haired bat maternity colonies in a floodplain cottonwood forest

The maternal roosting behavior of migratory, tree-dwelling bat species remains poorly understood. From 2016 to 2020 we radio-tagged 53 adult female silver-haired bats (Lasionycteris noctivagans) and tracked them to their day roosts to evaluate roosting habits in a cottonwood (Populus) forest in the floodplain of the Bitterroot River in western Montana. We investigated roost tree characteristics of maternity colonies such as canopy closure, tree size, and decay stage, as well as the daily roost fidelity of tagged bats. Additionally, we marked 55 bats with passive integrated transponder (PIT) tags to assess interannual fidelity to summer habitat. We tracked bats to 94 unique roost trees. Based on previous studies, we expected silver-haired bat maternity colonies to roost in tall, large diameter trees. We modeled roosting probability as a function of tree height, day of year, and the interaction of these terms. We found bats preferred taller trees earlier in the year, but overall roosting probability decreased throughout the season and tree height had lesser influence on roosting probability later in the year. Bats used tall trees with high canopy closure in early stages of decay during periods of pregnancy and lactation, while the effect of these tree attributes lessened later in the season, perhaps after lactation when energetic constraints were reduced for adult females to prepare for migration by entering torpor during the day. Bats used an average of 5.2 roost trees during the young rearing period and remained in the same roost for an average of 1.5 consecutive days. While daily roost fidelity was low, we documented interannual fidelity to summer habitat from nine individuals. We found silver-haired bat roosting preferences vary with time, are tree-specific, and policies targeting conservation of the species should manage flood regimes to promote cottonwood establishment, height growth, and a mosaic of riparian habitats.

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来源期刊
Conservation Science and Practice
Conservation Science and Practice BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION-
CiteScore
5.50
自引率
6.50%
发文量
240
审稿时长
10 weeks
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