Coal-rock interface real-time recognition based on the improved YOLO detection and bilateral segmentation network

To improve the accuracy and efficiency of coal-rock interface recognition, this study proposes a model built on the real-time detection algorithm, you only look once (YOLO), and the lightweight bilateral segmentation network. Simultaneously, the regional similarity transformation function and dragonfly algorithm are introduced to enhance the quality of coal-rock images. The comparison with three other models demonstrates the superior edge inference performance of the proposed model, achieving a mean Average Precision (mAP) of 90.2 at the Intersection over Union (IoU) threshold of 0.50 (mAP₅₀) and 81.4 across a range of IoU thresholds from 0.50 to 0.95 (mAP_[50,95]). Furthermore, to maintain high accuracy and real-time recognition capabilities, the proposed model is optimized using the open visual inference and neural network optimization toolkit, resulting in a 144.97% increase in the mean frames per second. Experimental results on four actual coal faces confirm the efficacy of the proposed model, showing a better balance between accuracy and efficiency in coal-rock image recognition, which supports further advancements in coal mining intelligence.