Experimental study and sensitivity analysis of performance for a hydrogen diaphragm compressor

As the critical infrastructure of hydrogen in transportation, the energy consumption of hydrogen refuelling stations plays a pivotal role in the progress of hydrogen energy within the transportation sector. Volumetric and isentropic efficiencies serve as metrics for evaluating compressor performance. To investigate the extent of factors, including suction pressure, pressure ratio, overflow pressure, and rotational speed, to the efficiencies of the diaphragm compressor, an experimental rig was set up in this study. The volume and energy losses were analysed by studying pressure–volume diagrams. The result shows that elevating suction pressure results in an increased isentropic efficiency. Specifically, raising suction pressure from 0.2 MPa to 0.8 MPa yields a 10.2 % increase in isentropic efficiency. The increase in pressure ratio leads to a reduction in volumetric efficiency but an increase in isentropic efficiency. When the pressure ratio increased from 3 to 7, the volumetric efficiency decreased by 6.5 % in volumetric efficiency, but the isentropic efficiency increased by 9.8 %. Moreover, the escalation in rotational speed corresponds to a decrease in both volumetric and isentropic efficiencies. As the rotational speed increased from 420 r/min to 660 r/min, volumetric efficiency dropped by 9.6 %, and isentropic efficiency experienced a 19.2 % decrease.