Biogenic synthesized silver nanoparticles for control of multidrug resistant bacteria, and inhibition of NLRP3 inflammasome activation: In-vitro- and in-vivo study

Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) were produced using diverse techniques, but each had negative implications. Physical procedures are expensive and inefficient, whereas chemical methods are highly poisonous and unstable. Researchers have discovered a novel way to create AgNPs using fungi, bacteria, actinomycetes, and plants. The process is known as biosynthesis, green synthesis, or eco-friendly synthesis. The current study aims to biosynthesize AgNPs mediated Lactobacillus acidophilus then, a study of their pharmaceutical applications using different assays. This study is conducted between (September 2023-Julay 2024). Green AgNPs were characterized after been synthesised using different techniques, such as SEM-EDX, FTIR, XRD, TEM, Zeta potential, DLS and UV/Vis spectrophotometry. Antibacterial activity of AgNPs was evaluated against gram-negative bacterial strains Klebsiella pneumoniae and Escherichia coli in addition to the strains of gram-positive Bacillus cereus and Staphylococcus aureus; their antibiofilm effects, growth curve, and minimal inhibitory concentration of AgNPs were estimated. The ability of AgNPs in reduction of NLRP3 inflammasome activity was estimated In-vitro, and In-vivo models. The findings indicated that combining AgNPs and different antibiotics increased their antibacterial efficiency. Furthermore, the results showed the ability of AgNPs in reduce of NLRP3 inflammasome activation in-vitro, and In-vivo models via prevent neutrophil recruitment in an acute peritonitis animal model by blocking IL-1β, and IL-18 activity. Taken together, the results of the current study showed that the AgNPs could be a promising approach treatment in the future for other pathogenic bacterial strains, a potential agent for blocking bacterial biofilm formation and also AgNPs could be anti-inflammatory nanomaterials for the therapeutic of illnesses mediated by macrophages.