Clinical usefulness of vestibular-evoked myogenic potential testing - A review.

It has been three decades since the development of vestibular-evoked myogenic potential (VEMP) test. Now is an opportune moment to review clinical usefulness of the VEMP testing in audiovestibular disorders. This review was developed from peer-reviewed articles published in those journals listed on Journal Citation Reports. Initially, 2323 articles were retrieved from 1992 to 2023. Following the guidelines (PRISMA 2020 statement) for reporting reviews, 71 relevant papers were ultimately selected. In conclusion, the integration of acoustic, vibratory, and galvanic stimuli in eliciting cervical VEMP (cVEMP) and ocular VEMP (oVEMP) provides a more thorough identification of the lesion site. When combined with audiometry and caloric testing, the inner ear test battery is highly effective in precisely identifying the affected area, evaluating residual function, and predicting the outcomes of audiovestibular disorders. Furthermore, both cVEMP and oVEMP tests help elucidate the mechanism of audiovestibular disorders, indicating an evolving understanding in this field.