用于人工视觉的纳米材料仿生光电子学

IF 79.8 1区 材料科学 Q1 MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Nature Reviews Materials Pub Date : 2024-11-20 DOI:10.1038/s41578-024-00750-6
Zhenghao Long, Yu Zhou, Yucheng Ding, Xiao Qiu, Swapnadeep Poddar, Zhiyong Fan
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引用次数: 0

摘要

视觉对于智能机器检测环境并与之互动至关重要。然而,传统的人工视觉系统(AVS)受到一些限制,包括视野狭窄、光学畸变、适应性有限和效率不佳。纳米材料的进步促进了从结构或功能上模拟生物眼睛的仿生光电技术的发展。有两种主要方法给视听系统带来了革命性的变化:一种是仿生设计,它能复制生物眼睛的卓越光学性能,从而增强视野、成像质量和适应性;另一种是神经形态光电子学,它能在感知端点集成处理功能,从而提高计算和能效。本综述强调基于纳米材料的仿生光电子学,以新型曲面图像传感器和神经形态器件为特色。我们将深入探讨支撑这些新型 AVS 的先进纳米材料和创新设计策略。本综述旨在提供有价值的见解,以激励研究人员推进下一代视觉设备的开发。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。

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Biomimetic optoelectronics with nanomaterials for artificial vision

Vision is crucial for intelligent machines to detect and interact with their environments. However, conventional artificial vision systems (AVS) are hindered by several limitations, including narrowed field of view, optical aberrations, limited adaptability and suboptimal efficiency. Advancements in nanomaterials have facilitated the development of biomimetic optoelectronics that structurally or functionally mimic biological eyes. Two main approaches have revolutionized AVS: biomimetic designs that replicate the superior optical performance of biological eyes, enhancing the field of view, imaging quality and adaptability, and neuromorphic optoelectronics that integrate processing functions at the sensory endpoints, thus boosting computational and energy efficiency. This Review emphasizes nanomaterial-based biomimetic optoelectronics, featuring novel curved image sensors and neuromorphic devices. We delve into advanced nanomaterials and innovative design strategies that underpin these novel AVS. This Review aims to offer valuable insights to inspire researchers to advance the development of next-generation vision devices.

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来源期刊
Nature Reviews Materials
Nature Reviews Materials Materials Science-Biomaterials
CiteScore
119.40
自引率
0.40%
发文量
107
期刊介绍: Nature Reviews Materials is an online-only journal that is published weekly. It covers a wide range of scientific disciplines within materials science. The journal includes Reviews, Perspectives, and Comments. Nature Reviews Materials focuses on various aspects of materials science, including the making, measuring, modelling, and manufacturing of materials. It examines the entire process of materials science, from laboratory discovery to the development of functional devices.
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