A 10-year journey towards clinical translation of an implantable endovascular BCI A keynote lecture given at the BCI society meeting in Brussels.

In the rapidly evolving field of brain-computer interfaces (BCIs), a novel modality for recording electrical brain signals has quietly emerged over the past decade. The technology is endovascular electrocorticography, an innovation that stands alongside well-established methods such as electroencephalography (EEG), traditional electrocorticography (ECoG), and single/multi-unit activity recording. This system was inspired by advancements in interventional cardiology, particularly the integration of electronics into various medical interventions. This breakthrough led to the development of the Stentrode system, which employs stent-mounted electrodes to record electrical brain activity for applications in a motor neuroprosthesis. This Perspective explores four key areas in our quest to bring the Stentrode BCI to market: the critical patient need for autonomy driving our efforts, the hurdles and achievements in assessing BCI performance, the compelling advantages of our unique endovascular approach, and the essential steps for clinical translation and product commercialization.