A virtual classroom map-based immersive VR learning approach to fostering collaborative learning

The Virtual Reality (VR) supported collaborative learning approach has been approved as effective collaborative learning in various education by many researchers. However, optimizing high-level collaborative activities for sharing and building knowledge in VR technology-based collaborative learning is lacking. In this study, a virtual classroom map approach was proposed to enhance classroom knowledge-sharing culture and in the meantime support teachers in observing group work and to help students obtain feedback in the immersive virtual reality (IVR) supported collaborative learning in schooling. A randomized crossover design was used to compare the virtual classroom map-supported IVR learning approach (condition 1) and the IVR learning without virtual classroom map approach (condition 2) in English as a Foreign Language (EFL) education in two schools in East Germany. Data analysis showed that: (1) The virtual classroom map-supported IVR learning approach (MIVRL) improved students' content performance on writing tasks compared to IVR learning without the virtual classroom map approach (IVRL). (2) Despite its complex choreography of devices, the MIVRL did not reduce students’ interests and did not increase their fear of failure. (3) The proposed MIVRL approach showed the possibility of turning VR into a practice strengthening a “culture of sharing” in formal education. The results suggest that the virtual classroom map approach may be implemented as a tool for assisting VR-supported collaborative learning. Moreover, with the virtual classroom map, VR can be turned into a practice strengthening a “culture of sharing” in immersive learning.