Design and fabrication of glucose sensor using metal-organic framework nanomaterials

A MEMS systems integrate mechanical components, sensors, actuators, and electronics on the same silicon substrate using microfabrication technology. Micromechanical parts are made by micromachining processes that selectively etch part of the silicon substrate or deposit layers of a new structure. In this work, these structures and their building blocks are presented, and a nano-network of metal-organic compounds is reported for the synthesis and recognition of glucose. The morphological structure of the prepared sample was observed through scanning electron microscopy. At the same time, the structure and characteristics of the metal-organic framework crystals were examined using scanning electron microscopy mapping and analysis tests like energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction analysis, Raman spectroscopy, and infrared spectroscopy. This prepared material was inserted into a microstructure and evaluated as a glucose sensor. This all leads to the final microstructure that arises from the integration of the microscale technology with the electrochemical sensing systems. Both the electrochemical structure and the microscale chip are integrated to achieve the final structure, which includes microchannels and a three-electrode system comprising a reference electrode, a counter electrode, and a working electrode for the reaction and detection of glucose levels. Finally, the microscale chip, made from polycarbonate sheets, is placed on the three-electrode system, secured, and the design and construction of this microscale sensor enable the measurement of various glucose concentrations. Glucose sensing was performed using cyclic voltammetry and chronoamperometry processes by directing glucose-containing fluid through the structural channels toward the electrodes. The best electrocatalytic behavior towards glucose oxidation in 0.1 M potassium hydroxide environments was attained. During these processes, a high sensitivity of 35,000 μA per millimolar square centimeter in the linear range of 0–6 μM with a very low detection limit of 0.18 μM and a correlation coefficient of 0.998 (R²) was obtained.