Supporting multi-criteria decision-making processes with unknown criteria weights

Decision support systems are crucial in today’s tech-driven world, assisting decision-makers with complex choices. Determining criteria weights is a paramount aspect, significantly influencing outcomes. Traditionally, criteria weights are derived from objective measures, subjective expert knowledge, or a combination of both, each with its own strengths and limitations. This paper presents a novel approach for addressing unknown criteria relevance by systematically generating weight vectors, thus exploring a broader decision problem space. The proposed methodology is adaptable to various multi-criteria methods, enhancing its applicability across different scenarios. Its effectiveness is empirically validated through two practical examples: Glomerular Filtration Rate (GFR) evaluation and bridge construction method selection, demonstrating its broad applicability. Comparative analysis with existing objective weighting techniques reveals the limitations of current approaches and highlights the improved decision-making capabilities enabled by the proposed method. This research addresses a critical gap in the reliability and robustness of existing methods, particularly in situations with unknown criteria weights. Key contributions include a new decision-making methodology and an innovative ranking formulation using fuzzy sets, with empirical verification strengthening the utility of the approach. This paper offers a promising solution for advancing multi-criteria decision analysis, especially in complex scenarios with uncertain criteria relevance.