The practice of mutilations in turkeys (Meleagris gallopavo gallopavo): exercise of the EFSA Networks on Animal Welfare

The EFSA Animal Health and Welfare (AHAW) Network Animal Welfare includes two sub-groups: the subgroup specialised on Animal Welfare (AW) and the subgroup of the scientific National Contact Points (NCPs) for scientific support established under Art 20 of Council Regulation (EC) 1099/2009. In March 2024, during the annual meeting of the EFSA Network subgroups, EFSA conducted an information-gathering exercise on mutilation practices in turkeys, both breeders and turkeys kept for meat production, focusing on beak trimming, toe trimming de-toeing, and de-snooding, across different countries. Prior to the meeting, a questionnaire was distributed to the Network members to gather comprehensive data on these practices, including the methods employed, the age at which the mutilations are performed, the individuals responsible for performing them, and the use of analgesia or anaesthesia. The questionnaire also explored measures in place to reduce the need for these mutilations and any alternative strategies being implemented. During the meeting, participants engaged in a structured discussion, elaborating on questionnaire responses and providing additional insights and clarifications. This exercise resulted in a comprehensive overview of current mutilation practices in turkey farming across the represented countries. The information included in this report will support the risk assessment of the scientific opinion on the welfare of turkeys on farm, expected to be delivered by the EFSA AHAW Panel in 2025.