Automated Bone Cancer Detection Using Deep Learning on X-Ray Images.

In recent days, bone cancer is a life-threatening health issue that can lead to death. However, physicians use CT-scan, X-rays, or MRI images to recognize bone cancer, but still require techniques to increase precision and reduce human labor. These methods face challenges such as high costs, time consumption, and the risk of misdiagnosis due to the complexity of bone tumor appearances. Therefore, it is essential to establish an automated system to detect healthy bones from cancerous ones. In this regard, Artificial intelligence, particularly deep learning, shows increased attention in the medical image analysis process. This research presents a new Golden Search Optimization along with Deep Learning Enabled Computer Aided Diagnosis for Bone Cancer Classification (GSODL-CADBCC) on X-ray images. The aim of the GSODL-CADBCC approach is to accurately distinguish the input X-ray images into healthy and cancerous. This research presents the GSODL-CADBCC technique that leverages the bilateral filtering technique to remove the noise. This method uses the SqueezeNet model to generate feature vectors, and the GSO algorithm efficiently selects the hyperparameters. Finally, the extracted features can be classified by improved cuckoo search with a long short-term memory model. The experimental results demonstrate that the GSODL- CADBCC approach attains highest performance with an average accuracy of 95.52% on the training set data and 94.79% on the testing set data. This automated approach not only reduces the need for manual interpretation but also minimizes the risk of diagnostic errors and provides a viable option for precise medical imaging-based bone cancer screening.