Kari M. Haines, Nicholle E. Smith, Cristine L. Czachowski
{"title":"评估雄性和雌性偏好酒精和非偏好酒精的大鼠的初始/早期厌恶性饮酒。","authors":"Kari M. Haines, Nicholle E. Smith, Cristine L. Czachowski","doi":"10.1111/acer.15518","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div>\n \n \n <section>\n \n <h3> Background</h3>\n \n <p>One trait of alcohol use disorder (AUD) is continuing to drink despite negative consequences. The current study investigated initial/early aversion-resistant drinking (ARD) across selectively bred alcohol-preferring lines to assess aversion resistance with minimal ethanol history and subsequent ethanol-seeking and drinking profiles. Additionally, ARD was assessed in alcohol-preferring and non-preferring rats using a sucrose reinforcer to determine if ARD may be a genetic risk factor for AUD.</p>\n </section>\n \n <section>\n \n <h3> Methods</h3>\n \n <p>Male and female alcohol-preferring rats were given four concentrations of quinine (0.03, 0.10, 0.30, and 1.00 g/L—in random order) in an ethanol solution in the homecage for 30 min daily across 12 days. Seeking and drinking were then assessed in the operant chambers. Additional groups of alcohol-preferring and non-preferring rats were given access to the same concentrations of quinine-adulterated sucrose using the same daily, random-order presentation.</p>\n </section>\n \n <section>\n \n <h3> Results</h3>\n \n <p>In ethanol, all preferring lines performed similarly, showing resistance to quinine at the lowest concentration. In the homecage, high-alcohol-drinking (HAD)1 rats drank high levels of ethanol similar to alcohol-preferring (P) rats, whereas in an operant task were more similar to the HAD2 rats. In sucrose, P and HAD2 rats were shown to be aversion resistant at low concentrations of quinine compared to baseline. Overall, the non-preferring lines all demonstrated sensitivity to quinine-adulterated sucrose.</p>\n </section>\n \n <section>\n \n <h3> Conclusions</h3>\n \n <p>This study demonstrates alcohol-preferring lines show similar ARD when ethanol is the reinforcer. Regarding motivated responding, P rats show high-seeking and drinking behaviors as previously observed. In the homecage, HAD1 rats drink similarly to P rats indicating that different conditions (i.e., free vs. operant access) influence drinking behaviors between these lines. Importantly, in a sucrose reinforcer, alcohol-preferring rats are more aversion-resistant than non-preferring lines, while non-preferring lines show high sensitivity to aversion, suggesting an overall tendency to demonstrate a low level of compulsive behavior.</p>\n </section>\n </div>","PeriodicalId":72145,"journal":{"name":"Alcohol (Hanover, York County, Pa.)","volume":"49 2","pages":"476-487"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7000,"publicationDate":"2024-12-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/acer.15518","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Assessing initial/early aversion-resistant drinking across male and female alcohol-preferring and non-preferring rats\",\"authors\":\"Kari M. Haines, Nicholle E. Smith, Cristine L. 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Additional groups of alcohol-preferring and non-preferring rats were given access to the same concentrations of quinine-adulterated sucrose using the same daily, random-order presentation.</p>\\n </section>\\n \\n <section>\\n \\n <h3> Results</h3>\\n \\n <p>In ethanol, all preferring lines performed similarly, showing resistance to quinine at the lowest concentration. In the homecage, high-alcohol-drinking (HAD)1 rats drank high levels of ethanol similar to alcohol-preferring (P) rats, whereas in an operant task were more similar to the HAD2 rats. In sucrose, P and HAD2 rats were shown to be aversion resistant at low concentrations of quinine compared to baseline. Overall, the non-preferring lines all demonstrated sensitivity to quinine-adulterated sucrose.</p>\\n </section>\\n \\n <section>\\n \\n <h3> Conclusions</h3>\\n \\n <p>This study demonstrates alcohol-preferring lines show similar ARD when ethanol is the reinforcer. Regarding motivated responding, P rats show high-seeking and drinking behaviors as previously observed. In the homecage, HAD1 rats drink similarly to P rats indicating that different conditions (i.e., free vs. operant access) influence drinking behaviors between these lines. 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Assessing initial/early aversion-resistant drinking across male and female alcohol-preferring and non-preferring rats
Background
One trait of alcohol use disorder (AUD) is continuing to drink despite negative consequences. The current study investigated initial/early aversion-resistant drinking (ARD) across selectively bred alcohol-preferring lines to assess aversion resistance with minimal ethanol history and subsequent ethanol-seeking and drinking profiles. Additionally, ARD was assessed in alcohol-preferring and non-preferring rats using a sucrose reinforcer to determine if ARD may be a genetic risk factor for AUD.
Methods
Male and female alcohol-preferring rats were given four concentrations of quinine (0.03, 0.10, 0.30, and 1.00 g/L—in random order) in an ethanol solution in the homecage for 30 min daily across 12 days. Seeking and drinking were then assessed in the operant chambers. Additional groups of alcohol-preferring and non-preferring rats were given access to the same concentrations of quinine-adulterated sucrose using the same daily, random-order presentation.
Results
In ethanol, all preferring lines performed similarly, showing resistance to quinine at the lowest concentration. In the homecage, high-alcohol-drinking (HAD)1 rats drank high levels of ethanol similar to alcohol-preferring (P) rats, whereas in an operant task were more similar to the HAD2 rats. In sucrose, P and HAD2 rats were shown to be aversion resistant at low concentrations of quinine compared to baseline. Overall, the non-preferring lines all demonstrated sensitivity to quinine-adulterated sucrose.
Conclusions
This study demonstrates alcohol-preferring lines show similar ARD when ethanol is the reinforcer. Regarding motivated responding, P rats show high-seeking and drinking behaviors as previously observed. In the homecage, HAD1 rats drink similarly to P rats indicating that different conditions (i.e., free vs. operant access) influence drinking behaviors between these lines. Importantly, in a sucrose reinforcer, alcohol-preferring rats are more aversion-resistant than non-preferring lines, while non-preferring lines show high sensitivity to aversion, suggesting an overall tendency to demonstrate a low level of compulsive behavior.
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