Sustainable solutions: Biodegradable polymers derived from mango residues

The increasing reliance on plastic materials in modern life has led to significant environmental challenges due to plastic waste accumulation in various ecosystems. This study explores the potential of utilizing mango waste, specifically mango peel and seed, as sustainable sources for bioplastic production within the framework of circular economy principles. Two formulations were developed: one using mango peel powder ($<100\mathrm{\mu }\mathrm{m}$$<100\mathrm{\mu }\mathrm{m}$ ) and the other using mango seed powder ($<250\mathrm{\mu }\mathrm{m}$$<250\mathrm{\mu }\mathrm{m}$). A systematic methodology was employed, encompassing empirical and experimental phases, to evaluate the thermal, mechanical and biochemical properties of the resulting bioplastics. Quantitative analyses revealed significant differences in water solubility between the formulations, with the mango peel-based bioplastic exhibiting higher solubility (50%) compared to the mango seed-based formulation (30.22%). No significant differences were observed in thickness or color, indicating consistent physical characteristics across samples. Biodegradability assessments demonstrated that both formulations began to degrade within 15 days, ultimately transforming into powder by day 45, highlighting their potential for environmental integration. This research underscores the viability of mango waste as a resource for developing biodegradable polymers, contributing to circular economy strategies and addressing plastic pollution.