我悬在空中,紧紧地抓着。这让人筋疲力尽:从自闭症的角度看他们在普通学校系统中的经历。

IF 5.2 2区 心理学 Q1 PSYCHOLOGY, DEVELOPMENTAL Autism Pub Date : 2025-01-04 DOI:10.1177/13623613241310295
Mati Zakai-Mashiach
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引用次数: 0

摘要

摘要:在过去的十年里,世界范围内越来越多的自闭症儿童进入普通学校就读。然而,对他们教育经历的大多数见解来自教育者和家长。在理解自闭症儿童对其教育经历的看法方面存在差距。来自自闭症儿童的有限证据主要集中在中学,并揭示了孤独、焦虑和被老师和同龄人误解的复杂感受。此外,迄今为止的研究还没有考察通识教育的全日制阶段,而这是了解从小学到高中的累积发展轨迹所必需的。为了解决这些差距,本研究调查了10名自闭症患者(年龄19-25岁)的生活经历,他们在普通教育环境中完成了整个学校的学习。这项研究利用深度访谈和一种被称为“斑点树”的视觉技术来引出他们的故事。研究结果表明,在小学阶段,参与者对学校环境感到不知所措和困惑。进入中学后,他们被诊断为自闭症,这标志着一段非常不稳定、社会不安全感和孤独感的时期。有趣的是,参与者在高中期间获得了自信,接受了他们的自闭症,并形成了更积极的自我形象。这些发现强调了通过像“斑点树”技术这样的创造性方法来学习自闭症患者纵向自我视角的重要性。此外,该研究还强调了学校转型期间有效支持服务的关键作用,特别是来自全纳教育专家的支持服务。它强调需要在普通学校内创造更具包容性的环境,以更好地支持自闭症学生。
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I was hanging in the air and holding on tight. It's exhausting: An autistic perspective on their journey through the general school system.

Lay abstract: In the past decade, autistic children have increasingly enrolled in general schools worldwide. However, most insights into their educational experiences come from educators and parents. There is a gap in understanding autistic children's perspectives on their educational experiences. The limited evidence from autistic children primarily focuses on middle school and reveals complex feelings of loneliness, anxiety and being misunderstood by teachers and peers. Moreover, research to date has not examined the full-time period of general education, which is needed to understand the cumulative developmental trajectory from elementary through high school. To address these gaps, this study investigated the lived experiences of 10 autistic individuals (ages 19-25 years) who had completed their entire school journey in general education settings. This study utilised in-depth interviews and a visual technique called the 'Blob Tree' to elicit their stories. The findings indicated that during primary school, participants felt overwhelmed and confused by the school environment. The transition to middle school, where they received an autism diagnosis, marked a period of significant instability, social insecurity and loneliness. Interestingly, the participants gained confidence during high school, accepted their autism and developed a more positive self-image. These findings emphasise the importance of learning the longitudinal self-perspective of autistic individuals through creative methods like the 'Blob Tree' technique. Furthermore, the study highlights the crucial role of effective support services during school transitions, particularly from experts in inclusive education. It underscores the need to create environments within general schools that are more inclusive to support autistic students better.

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来源期刊
Autism
Autism PSYCHOLOGY, DEVELOPMENTAL-
CiteScore
9.80
自引率
11.50%
发文量
160
期刊介绍: Autism is a major, peer-reviewed, international journal, published 8 times a year, publishing research of direct and practical relevance to help improve the quality of life for individuals with autism or autism-related disorders. It is interdisciplinary in nature, focusing on research in many areas, including: intervention; diagnosis; training; education; translational issues related to neuroscience, medical and genetic issues of practical import; psychological processes; evaluation of particular therapies; quality of life; family needs; and epidemiological research. Autism provides a major international forum for peer-reviewed research of direct and practical relevance to improving the quality of life for individuals with autism or autism-related disorders. The journal''s success and popularity reflect the recent worldwide growth in the research and understanding of autistic spectrum disorders, and the consequent impact on the provision of treatment and care. Autism is interdisciplinary in nature, focusing on evaluative research in all areas, including: intervention, diagnosis, training, education, neuroscience, psychological processes, evaluation of particular therapies, quality of life issues, family issues and family services, medical and genetic issues, epidemiological research.
期刊最新文献
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