A non-systematic overview review of self-focused emotion regulation in autistic individuals through the lens of the extended process model.

Lay abstract: What do we already know about emotion regulation in autism?We know that many autistic children, youth, and adults experience difficulties regulating emotions. Existing research has focused mainly on the differences in emotion regulation capabilities between autistic and non-autistic individuals, the relationships between autistic traits and emotion regulation, and how emotion regulation relates to other outcomes, such as social skills and mental health.What does this paper add?We want to take a new approach to review the existing emotion regulation research through the lens of a specific theoretical model: the extended process model of emotion regulation. Professor James Gross developed this model. It consists of four emotion regulation phases: identification, selection, implementation, and monitoring.Our review revealed specific areas within these emotion regulation phases that could significantly impact the emotion regulation experiences of autistic individuals. We also outline the gaps in the research and propose avenues for future investigation.Implications for practiceBy deepening our understanding of emotion regulation in autistic individuals through the proposed future research, researchers and clinicians can pave the way for the development of tailored support programs. These programs will directly target specific emotion regulation mechanisms, offering a much-needed individualized support approach.