有向图中有缺陷边的一对一不相交路径覆盖

IF 3.4 2区 数学 Q1 MATHEMATICS, APPLIED Applied Mathematics and Computation Pub Date : 2025-05-15 Epub Date: 2025-01-07 DOI:10.1016/j.amc.2024.129270
Ruixiao Jing, Yuefang Sun
{"title":"有向图中有缺陷边的一对一不相交路径覆盖","authors":"Ruixiao Jing,&nbsp;Yuefang Sun","doi":"10.1016/j.amc.2024.129270","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Let <em>D</em> be a digraph of order <span><math><mi>n</mi><mo>≥</mo><mi>l</mi><mo>+</mo><mn>1</mn></math></span>, where <em>l</em> is a positive integer. Let <em>S</em>=<span><math><mo>{</mo><mi>s</mi><mo>}</mo></math></span> and <em>T</em>=<span><math><mo>{</mo><mi>t</mi><mo>}</mo></math></span>. A set of <em>l</em> paths <span><math><mo>{</mo><msub><mrow><mi>P</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>1</mn></mrow></msub><mo>,</mo><msub><mrow><mi>P</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>2</mn></mrow></msub><mo>,</mo><mo>…</mo><mo>,</mo><msub><mrow><mi>P</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>l</mi></mrow></msub><mo>}</mo></math></span> of <em>D</em> is a one-to-one <em>l</em>-disjoint directed path cover (one-to-one <em>l</em>-DDPC for short) for <em>S</em> and <em>T</em>, if <span><math><msubsup><mrow><mo>⋃</mo></mrow><mrow><mi>i</mi><mo>=</mo><mn>1</mn></mrow><mrow><mi>l</mi></mrow></msubsup><mi>V</mi><mo>(</mo><msub><mrow><mi>P</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>i</mi></mrow></msub><mo>)</mo><mo>=</mo><mi>V</mi><mo>(</mo><mi>D</mi><mo>)</mo></math></span>, each <span><math><msub><mrow><mi>P</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>i</mi></mrow></msub></math></span> is an <span><math><mi>s</mi><mo>−</mo><mi>t</mi></math></span> path and <span><math><mi>V</mi><mo>(</mo><msub><mrow><mi>P</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>i</mi></mrow></msub><mo>)</mo><mo>∩</mo><mi>V</mi><mo>(</mo><msub><mrow><mi>P</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>j</mi></mrow></msub><mo>)</mo><mo>=</mo><mo>{</mo><mi>s</mi><mo>,</mo><mi>t</mi><mo>}</mo></math></span> for <span><math><mi>i</mi><mo>≠</mo><mi>j</mi></math></span>. If there is a one-to-one <em>l</em>-DDPC in <em>D</em> for any disjoint source set <em>S</em>=<span><math><mo>{</mo><mi>s</mi><mo>}</mo></math></span> and sink set <span><math><mi>T</mi><mo>=</mo><mo>{</mo><mi>t</mi><mo>}</mo></math></span>, then <em>D</em> is one-to-one <em>l</em>-coverable. In this paper, we study one-to-one disjoint path covers in digraphs with faulty edges.</div><div>We first consider complete digraphs. It is proved that for sufficiently large <em>n</em>, <span><math><msub><mrow><mover><mrow><mi>K</mi></mrow><mrow><mo>↔</mo></mrow></mover></mrow><mrow><mi>n</mi></mrow></msub><mo>−</mo><mi>M</mi></math></span> is one-to-one <em>l</em>-coverable if <span><math><mrow><mo>|</mo><mi>M</mi><mo>|</mo></mrow><mo>≤</mo><mrow><mo>⌊</mo><mo>(</mo><mi>n</mi><mo>−</mo><mi>l</mi><mo>−</mo><mn>3</mn><mo>)</mo><mo>/</mo><mn>2</mn><mo>⌋</mo></mrow></math></span>. Moreover, we prove that for <span><math><mrow><mo>|</mo><mi>M</mi><mo>|</mo></mrow><mo>≤</mo><mrow><mo>⌊</mo><mo>(</mo><mi>n</mi><mo>−</mo><mi>l</mi><mo>)</mo><mo>/</mo><mn>2</mn><mo>⌋</mo></mrow></math></span>, <span><math><msub><mrow><mover><mrow><mi>K</mi></mrow><mrow><mo>↔</mo></mrow></mover></mrow><mrow><mi>n</mi></mrow></msub><mo>−</mo><mi>M</mi></math></span> is <em>l</em>-ordered Hamiltonian. Also, we show that when <span><math><mi>n</mi><mo>≥</mo><mn>1600</mn><msup><mrow><mi>l</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>3</mn></mrow></msup></math></span> and <span><math><mrow><mo>|</mo><mi>M</mi><mo>|</mo></mrow><mo>≤</mo><mi>n</mi><mo>/</mo><mn>2</mn><mo>−</mo><mi>l</mi></math></span>, <span><math><msub><mrow><mover><mrow><mi>K</mi></mrow><mrow><mo>↔</mo></mrow></mover></mrow><mrow><mi>n</mi></mrow></msub><mo>−</mo><mi>M</mi></math></span> is <em>l</em>-linked.</div><div>We next study complete regular bipartite digraphs. It is proved that for sufficiently large <em>n</em>, <span><math><msub><mrow><mover><mrow><mi>K</mi></mrow><mrow><mo>↔</mo></mrow></mover></mrow><mrow><mi>n</mi><mo>,</mo><mi>n</mi></mrow></msub><mo>−</mo><mi>M</mi></math></span> is one-to-one <em>l</em>-coverable when <span><math><mrow><mo>|</mo><mi>M</mi><mo>|</mo></mrow><mo>≤</mo><mrow><mo>⌊</mo><mo>(</mo><mi>n</mi><mo>−</mo><mi>l</mi><mo>−</mo><mn>1</mn><mo>)</mo><mo>/</mo><mn>2</mn><mo>⌋</mo></mrow></math></span>, and <span><math><msub><mrow><mover><mrow><mi>K</mi></mrow><mrow><mo>↔</mo></mrow></mover></mrow><mrow><mi>n</mi><mo>,</mo><mi>n</mi></mrow></msub><mo>−</mo><mi>M</mi></math></span> is <em>l</em>-ordered Hamiltonian when <span><math><mrow><mo>|</mo><mi>M</mi><mo>|</mo></mrow><mo>≤</mo><mrow><mo>⌊</mo><mo>(</mo><mi>n</mi><mo>−</mo><mi>l</mi><mo>)</mo><mo>/</mo><mn>2</mn><mo>⌋</mo></mrow><mo>+</mo><mn>1</mn></math></span>. We also prove that when <span><math><mi>n</mi><mo>≥</mo><mn>800</mn><msup><mrow><mi>l</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>3</mn></mrow></msup></math></span> and <span><math><mrow><mo>|</mo><mi>M</mi><mo>|</mo></mrow><mo>≤</mo><mi>n</mi><mo>/</mo><mn>2</mn><mo>−</mo><mi>l</mi><mo>+</mo><mn>1</mn></math></span>, <span><math><msub><mrow><mover><mrow><mi>K</mi></mrow><mrow><mo>↔</mo></mrow></mover></mrow><mrow><mi>n</mi><mo>,</mo><mi>n</mi></mrow></msub><mo>−</mo><mi>M</mi></math></span> is <em>l</em>-linked. Furthermore, we show that for odd order <span><math><mi>n</mi><mo>(</mo><mo>≥</mo><mn>5</mn><mo>)</mo></math></span> and <span><math><mrow><mo>|</mo><mi>M</mi><mo>|</mo></mrow><mo>≤</mo><mi>n</mi><mo>+</mo><mn>1</mn></math></span>, <span><math><msub><mrow><mover><mrow><mi>K</mi></mrow><mrow><mo>↔</mo></mrow></mover></mrow><mrow><mi>n</mi><mo>,</mo><mi>n</mi></mrow></msub><mo>−</mo><mi>M</mi></math></span> is one-to-one <span><math><mo>(</mo><mi>n</mi><mo>−</mo><mn>1</mn><mo>)</mo></math></span>-coverable.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55496,"journal":{"name":"Applied Mathematics and Computation","volume":"493 ","pages":"Article 129270"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4000,"publicationDate":"2025-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"One-to-one disjoint path covers in digraphs with faulty edges\",\"authors\":\"Ruixiao Jing,&nbsp;Yuefang Sun\",\"doi\":\"10.1016/j.amc.2024.129270\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<div><div>Let <em>D</em> be a digraph of order <span><math><mi>n</mi><mo>≥</mo><mi>l</mi><mo>+</mo><mn>1</mn></math></span>, where <em>l</em> is a positive integer. Let <em>S</em>=<span><math><mo>{</mo><mi>s</mi><mo>}</mo></math></span> and <em>T</em>=<span><math><mo>{</mo><mi>t</mi><mo>}</mo></math></span>. A set of <em>l</em> paths <span><math><mo>{</mo><msub><mrow><mi>P</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>1</mn></mrow></msub><mo>,</mo><msub><mrow><mi>P</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>2</mn></mrow></msub><mo>,</mo><mo>…</mo><mo>,</mo><msub><mrow><mi>P</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>l</mi></mrow></msub><mo>}</mo></math></span> of <em>D</em> is a one-to-one <em>l</em>-disjoint directed path cover (one-to-one <em>l</em>-DDPC for short) for <em>S</em> and <em>T</em>, if <span><math><msubsup><mrow><mo>⋃</mo></mrow><mrow><mi>i</mi><mo>=</mo><mn>1</mn></mrow><mrow><mi>l</mi></mrow></msubsup><mi>V</mi><mo>(</mo><msub><mrow><mi>P</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>i</mi></mrow></msub><mo>)</mo><mo>=</mo><mi>V</mi><mo>(</mo><mi>D</mi><mo>)</mo></math></span>, each <span><math><msub><mrow><mi>P</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>i</mi></mrow></msub></math></span> is an <span><math><mi>s</mi><mo>−</mo><mi>t</mi></math></span> path and <span><math><mi>V</mi><mo>(</mo><msub><mrow><mi>P</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>i</mi></mrow></msub><mo>)</mo><mo>∩</mo><mi>V</mi><mo>(</mo><msub><mrow><mi>P</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>j</mi></mrow></msub><mo>)</mo><mo>=</mo><mo>{</mo><mi>s</mi><mo>,</mo><mi>t</mi><mo>}</mo></math></span> for <span><math><mi>i</mi><mo>≠</mo><mi>j</mi></math></span>. If there is a one-to-one <em>l</em>-DDPC in <em>D</em> for any disjoint source set <em>S</em>=<span><math><mo>{</mo><mi>s</mi><mo>}</mo></math></span> and sink set <span><math><mi>T</mi><mo>=</mo><mo>{</mo><mi>t</mi><mo>}</mo></math></span>, then <em>D</em> is one-to-one <em>l</em>-coverable. In this paper, we study one-to-one disjoint path covers in digraphs with faulty edges.</div><div>We first consider complete digraphs. It is proved that for sufficiently large <em>n</em>, <span><math><msub><mrow><mover><mrow><mi>K</mi></mrow><mrow><mo>↔</mo></mrow></mover></mrow><mrow><mi>n</mi></mrow></msub><mo>−</mo><mi>M</mi></math></span> is one-to-one <em>l</em>-coverable if <span><math><mrow><mo>|</mo><mi>M</mi><mo>|</mo></mrow><mo>≤</mo><mrow><mo>⌊</mo><mo>(</mo><mi>n</mi><mo>−</mo><mi>l</mi><mo>−</mo><mn>3</mn><mo>)</mo><mo>/</mo><mn>2</mn><mo>⌋</mo></mrow></math></span>. Moreover, we prove that for <span><math><mrow><mo>|</mo><mi>M</mi><mo>|</mo></mrow><mo>≤</mo><mrow><mo>⌊</mo><mo>(</mo><mi>n</mi><mo>−</mo><mi>l</mi><mo>)</mo><mo>/</mo><mn>2</mn><mo>⌋</mo></mrow></math></span>, <span><math><msub><mrow><mover><mrow><mi>K</mi></mrow><mrow><mo>↔</mo></mrow></mover></mrow><mrow><mi>n</mi></mrow></msub><mo>−</mo><mi>M</mi></math></span> is <em>l</em>-ordered Hamiltonian. Also, we show that when <span><math><mi>n</mi><mo>≥</mo><mn>1600</mn><msup><mrow><mi>l</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>3</mn></mrow></msup></math></span> and <span><math><mrow><mo>|</mo><mi>M</mi><mo>|</mo></mrow><mo>≤</mo><mi>n</mi><mo>/</mo><mn>2</mn><mo>−</mo><mi>l</mi></math></span>, <span><math><msub><mrow><mover><mrow><mi>K</mi></mrow><mrow><mo>↔</mo></mrow></mover></mrow><mrow><mi>n</mi></mrow></msub><mo>−</mo><mi>M</mi></math></span> is <em>l</em>-linked.</div><div>We next study complete regular bipartite digraphs. It is proved that for sufficiently large <em>n</em>, <span><math><msub><mrow><mover><mrow><mi>K</mi></mrow><mrow><mo>↔</mo></mrow></mover></mrow><mrow><mi>n</mi><mo>,</mo><mi>n</mi></mrow></msub><mo>−</mo><mi>M</mi></math></span> is one-to-one <em>l</em>-coverable when <span><math><mrow><mo>|</mo><mi>M</mi><mo>|</mo></mrow><mo>≤</mo><mrow><mo>⌊</mo><mo>(</mo><mi>n</mi><mo>−</mo><mi>l</mi><mo>−</mo><mn>1</mn><mo>)</mo><mo>/</mo><mn>2</mn><mo>⌋</mo></mrow></math></span>, and <span><math><msub><mrow><mover><mrow><mi>K</mi></mrow><mrow><mo>↔</mo></mrow></mover></mrow><mrow><mi>n</mi><mo>,</mo><mi>n</mi></mrow></msub><mo>−</mo><mi>M</mi></math></span> is <em>l</em>-ordered Hamiltonian when <span><math><mrow><mo>|</mo><mi>M</mi><mo>|</mo></mrow><mo>≤</mo><mrow><mo>⌊</mo><mo>(</mo><mi>n</mi><mo>−</mo><mi>l</mi><mo>)</mo><mo>/</mo><mn>2</mn><mo>⌋</mo></mrow><mo>+</mo><mn>1</mn></math></span>. We also prove that when <span><math><mi>n</mi><mo>≥</mo><mn>800</mn><msup><mrow><mi>l</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>3</mn></mrow></msup></math></span> and <span><math><mrow><mo>|</mo><mi>M</mi><mo>|</mo></mrow><mo>≤</mo><mi>n</mi><mo>/</mo><mn>2</mn><mo>−</mo><mi>l</mi><mo>+</mo><mn>1</mn></math></span>, <span><math><msub><mrow><mover><mrow><mi>K</mi></mrow><mrow><mo>↔</mo></mrow></mover></mrow><mrow><mi>n</mi><mo>,</mo><mi>n</mi></mrow></msub><mo>−</mo><mi>M</mi></math></span> is <em>l</em>-linked. Furthermore, we show that for odd order <span><math><mi>n</mi><mo>(</mo><mo>≥</mo><mn>5</mn><mo>)</mo></math></span> and <span><math><mrow><mo>|</mo><mi>M</mi><mo>|</mo></mrow><mo>≤</mo><mi>n</mi><mo>+</mo><mn>1</mn></math></span>, <span><math><msub><mrow><mover><mrow><mi>K</mi></mrow><mrow><mo>↔</mo></mrow></mover></mrow><mrow><mi>n</mi><mo>,</mo><mi>n</mi></mrow></msub><mo>−</mo><mi>M</mi></math></span> is one-to-one <span><math><mo>(</mo><mi>n</mi><mo>−</mo><mn>1</mn><mo>)</mo></math></span>-coverable.</div></div>\",\"PeriodicalId\":55496,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"Applied Mathematics and Computation\",\"volume\":\"493 \",\"pages\":\"Article 129270\"},\"PeriodicalIF\":3.4000,\"publicationDate\":\"2025-05-15\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"\",\"citationCount\":\"0\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"Applied Mathematics and Computation\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"100\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0096300324007318\",\"RegionNum\":2,\"RegionCategory\":\"数学\",\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"2025/1/7 0:00:00\",\"PubModel\":\"Epub\",\"JCR\":\"Q1\",\"JCRName\":\"MATHEMATICS, APPLIED\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Applied Mathematics and Computation","FirstCategoryId":"100","ListUrlMain":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0096300324007318","RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"数学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"2025/1/7 0:00:00","PubModel":"Epub","JCR":"Q1","JCRName":"MATHEMATICS, APPLIED","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0

摘要

设D为n阶≥l+1的有向图,其中l为正整数。设S={S}, T={T}。D的l条路径{P1,P2,…,Pl}的集合是S和T的一对一l-不相交有向路径覆盖(简称一对一l- ddpc),如果∈i=1lV(Pi)=V(D),则每个Pi都是一个S - T路径,且对于i≠j, V(Pi)∩V(Pj)={S, T}。对于任意不相交的源集S={S}和汇集T={T},如果D中存在一一对应的l-DDPC,则D是一一对应的l-可覆盖的。本文研究了有向图中有缺陷边的一对一不相交路径覆盖问题。
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One-to-one disjoint path covers in digraphs with faulty edges
Let D be a digraph of order nl+1, where l is a positive integer. Let S={s} and T={t}. A set of l paths {P1,P2,,Pl} of D is a one-to-one l-disjoint directed path cover (one-to-one l-DDPC for short) for S and T, if i=1lV(Pi)=V(D), each Pi is an st path and V(Pi)V(Pj)={s,t} for ij. If there is a one-to-one l-DDPC in D for any disjoint source set S={s} and sink set T={t}, then D is one-to-one l-coverable. In this paper, we study one-to-one disjoint path covers in digraphs with faulty edges.
We first consider complete digraphs. It is proved that for sufficiently large n, KnM is one-to-one l-coverable if |M|(nl3)/2. Moreover, we prove that for |M|(nl)/2, KnM is l-ordered Hamiltonian. Also, we show that when n1600l3 and |M|n/2l, KnM is l-linked.
We next study complete regular bipartite digraphs. It is proved that for sufficiently large n, Kn,nM is one-to-one l-coverable when |M|(nl1)/2, and Kn,nM is l-ordered Hamiltonian when |M|(nl)/2+1. We also prove that when n800l3 and |M|n/2l+1, Kn,nM is l-linked. Furthermore, we show that for odd order n(5) and |M|n+1, Kn,nM is one-to-one (n1)-coverable.
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来源期刊
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7.90
自引率
10.00%
发文量
755
审稿时长
36 days
期刊介绍: Applied Mathematics and Computation addresses work at the interface between applied mathematics, numerical computation, and applications of systems – oriented ideas to the physical, biological, social, and behavioral sciences, and emphasizes papers of a computational nature focusing on new algorithms, their analysis and numerical results. In addition to presenting research papers, Applied Mathematics and Computation publishes review articles and single–topics issues.
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