Matthias J. Salomon, Timothy R. Cavagnaro, Rachel A. Burton
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In a greenhouse bioassay, using only one of the products, its impact on tomato biomass production and AMF colonisation was evaluated.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Results</h3><p>Chemical analysis of the frass products revealed more macro-nutrients than typically found in composts with between 1.3% to 1.6% total phosphorus and 3.6% and 3.9% total nitrogen (N). 98% of the mineral N was in the form of ammonium. Total carbon was between 44 and 45% for both products. Micronutrient concentrations varied between the products, with iron reaching up to 1236 mg kg<sup>−1</sup> or zinc up to 206 mg kg<sup>−1</sup>. Variability was also observed in seed germination inhibition, with one product demonstrating stronger inhibitory effects than the other. The greenhouse bioassay revealed issues around ammonia toxicity at higher application rates of 150 to 250 kg N ha<sup>−1</sup> and an almost complete inhibition of arbuscular mycorrhizal root colonization between 100 and 250 kg N ha<sup>−1</sup>. Biomass production increased rapidly with higher frass application rates and plateaued between 150 and 250 kg N ha<sup>−1</sup>.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Conclusion</h3><p>Insect frass shows significant potential as a nutrient-rich organic fertiliser, with some imbalances that, if improved, could further strengthen its efficiency as a fertiliser.</p>","PeriodicalId":20223,"journal":{"name":"Plant and Soil","volume":"31 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.9000,"publicationDate":"2025-01-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Potential of black soldier fly larvae frass (BSFL) as a novel fertilizer: impacts on tomato growth, nutrient uptake, and mycorrhizal formation\",\"authors\":\"Matthias J. Salomon, Timothy R. Cavagnaro, Rachel A. 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引用次数: 0
摘要
背景和目的食用昆虫产量的增长速度导致昆虫残渣的可用性增加，主要包括幼虫的固体排泄物和未消化的底物。虫粪被认为是一种新型的有机肥料，富含营养，据信通过其高含量的几丁质等物质进一步促进植物生长。研究了黑兵蝇幼虫（BSFL）草叶的施肥潜力、生态毒性及其与丛枝菌根真菌（AMF）的相互作用。方法在实验室条件下，分析两种市售BSFL草籽产品的植物养分浓度及其对种子萌发的影响。在温室生物测定中，仅使用其中一种产品，评估了其对番茄生物量生产和AMF定殖的影响。结果禾草产物的化学分析表明，总磷在1.3% ~ 1.6%之间，总氮在3.6% ~ 3.9%之间，比一般堆肥中含有更多的宏量营养素，其中98%的矿物氮以铵态氮的形式存在。两种产品的总碳含量在44%到45%之间。微量营养素的浓度因产品而异，铁可达1236 mg kg - 1，锌可达206 mg kg - 1。在抑制种子萌发方面也观察到差异，一种产品表现出比另一种更强的抑制效果。温室生物测定结果显示，在150 ~ 250 kg N ha−1的较高施用量下，氨毒性存在问题，而在100 ~ 250 kg N ha−1之间，丛枝菌根定植几乎完全受到抑制。生物量产量随着施草量的增加而迅速增加，并在150 ~ 250 kg N ha - 1之间趋于稳定。结论虫草作为一种富营养有机肥具有很大的潜力，但存在一些不平衡，如果加以改善，可以进一步提高其肥效。
Potential of black soldier fly larvae frass (BSFL) as a novel fertilizer: impacts on tomato growth, nutrient uptake, and mycorrhizal formation
Background and Aims
The growing rates of production of edible insects is leading to an increase in the availability of insect frass, comprising mostly the solid excretions of larvae and undigested substrate. Insect frass is considered a novel organic fertilizer, rich in nutrients and believed to further boost plant growth through its high content of substances like chitin. This study investigated the fertiliser potential of black soldier fly larvae (BSFL) frass, its ecotoxicity, and its interactions with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF).
Methods
Two commercial BSFL frass products were analysed for plant nutrient concentration and effects on seed germination under laboratory conditions. In a greenhouse bioassay, using only one of the products, its impact on tomato biomass production and AMF colonisation was evaluated.
Results
Chemical analysis of the frass products revealed more macro-nutrients than typically found in composts with between 1.3% to 1.6% total phosphorus and 3.6% and 3.9% total nitrogen (N). 98% of the mineral N was in the form of ammonium. Total carbon was between 44 and 45% for both products. Micronutrient concentrations varied between the products, with iron reaching up to 1236 mg kg−1 or zinc up to 206 mg kg−1. Variability was also observed in seed germination inhibition, with one product demonstrating stronger inhibitory effects than the other. The greenhouse bioassay revealed issues around ammonia toxicity at higher application rates of 150 to 250 kg N ha−1 and an almost complete inhibition of arbuscular mycorrhizal root colonization between 100 and 250 kg N ha−1. Biomass production increased rapidly with higher frass application rates and plateaued between 150 and 250 kg N ha−1.
Conclusion
Insect frass shows significant potential as a nutrient-rich organic fertiliser, with some imbalances that, if improved, could further strengthen its efficiency as a fertiliser.
期刊介绍：
Plant and Soil publishes original papers and review articles exploring the interface of plant biology and soil sciences, and that enhance our mechanistic understanding of plant-soil interactions. We focus on the interface of plant biology and soil sciences, and seek those manuscripts with a strong mechanistic component which develop and test hypotheses aimed at understanding underlying mechanisms of plant-soil interactions. Manuscripts can include both fundamental and applied aspects of mineral nutrition, plant water relations, symbiotic and pathogenic plant-microbe interactions, root anatomy and morphology, soil biology, ecology, agrochemistry and agrophysics, as long as they are hypothesis-driven and enhance our mechanistic understanding. Articles including a major molecular or modelling component also fall within the scope of the journal. All contributions appear in the English language, with consistent spelling, using either American or British English.
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