A perspective on the use of patient-reported experience and patient-reported outcome measures in ambulatory healthcare.

Introduction: Patient-reported experience measures (PREMs) are patient reports about their healthcare, whereas patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) are reports about their functioning and well-being regarding physical, mental, and social health. We provide a perspective on using PREMs and PROMs in ambulatory healthcare.

Areas covered: We conducted a narrative review of the literature about using PREMs and PROMs in research and clinical practice, identified challenges and possibilities for addressing them, and provided suggestions for future research and clinical practice.

Expert opinion: Substantial progress in using PREMs and PROMs has occurred during the last half-century. Collecting and reporting PREMs to clinicians in ambulatory care settings has improved communication with patients, diagnosis, and treatment, which may improve patients' health. Optimal use requires appropriate data analysis, minimizing implementation barriers, and facilitating interpretation of PREMs and PROMs in clinical practice. Also, formal structures and processes that include patient and family input into care improvement are needed (e.g. patient and family advisory councils as partners in co-design and coproduction of quality improvement). PREMs and PROMs have been used primarily in more affluent countries (e.g. the United States, Australia, United Kingdom, Netherlands, Japan, and Portugal), but this is expected to increase in many countries.