[Dynamics of expression of NOD-like receptors of periodontal tissue cells in patients with aggressive periodontitis].

The aim of the study: To study the expression of NOD receptors of immunotropic periodontal tissue cells in patients with aggressive periodontitis before and after complex treatment.

Materials and methods: 15 patients aged 22 to 36 years with aggressive periodontitis were examined before and 21 days after the start of complex treatment. 15 patients with fibroids of the oral mucosa without signs of inflammation served as controls. Samples of the gingival mucosa after surgical treatment were sent to a routine histological and immunohistochemical (IHC) method with polyclonal rabbit antibodies. The expression of pro- and anti-inflammatory receptors was studied: NOD receptors - NLRP3 and NLRP12 as the most significant. The criterion for evaluating the expression of NLRP12 and NLRP3 receptors was the staining of nuclei and cytoplasm of cells of the multilayer squamous epithelium and cytoplasm of inflammatory infiltrate cells in the own plate of the mucous membrane. The intensity of staining was assessed as: no staining (0), weak staining (1+), medium (2+) and intense (3+).

Results: In the control group of patients diagnosed with fibroma without signs of inflammation in the oral mucosa, expression of NOD receptors was not observed. The maximum expression of NOD receptors was detected during exacerbation of the aggressive form of periodontitis in the nuclei and cytoplasm of stratified squamous epithelial cells and in the lamina propria of the gingival mucosa in the cells of the inflammatory infiltrate. After complex treatment of patients with an aggressive form of periodontitis, there is a significant (p<0.05) decrease in the expression of NLRP12 receptors in the cells of the inflammatory infiltrate, which inhibit the inflammatory response in periodontal tissues.

Conclusion: The expression of NMDA receptors in the multilayer squamous epithelium characterizes the activity of the inflammatory process in the oral mucosa and can be recommended for use in evaluating the effectiveness of the treatment of an aggressive form of periodontitis.