“Todes”和“Todxs”是语言学上的创新还是语法上的性别违规?

IF 2.8 1区 心理学 Q1 PSYCHOLOGY, EXPERIMENTAL Cognition Pub Date : 2025-01-18 DOI:10.1016/j.cognition.2025.106061
Alexandra Román Irizarry , Anne L. Beatty-Martínez , Julio Torres , Judith F. Kroll
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引用次数: 0

摘要

本研究比较了西班牙语非二元语素(如todxs, todes)和西班牙语代词(如Los maestros…todas…)中违反语法规范的性行为的处理。使用自定节奏阅读,该研究考察了工作记忆和性别/性别多样性信念的个体差异如何影响三个兴趣区域(ROI)的语言处理:代词、代词+1和代词+2。78名西班牙-英语双语者完成了两项自定节奏阅读任务,一项是非二元代词,另一项语法性别违反,以及工作记忆任务、语言优势问卷和性别/性别多样性信念问卷。处理成本体现为较长的反应时间(RTs)或不准确的反应。结果显示,在所有3个roi中,非二进制语素的总体处理成本,但在理解问题的准确性和反应时间方面没有观察到处理成本。结果表明,非二元代词的处理成本较小,且不影响句子的整体理解。性别/性别多样性信念调节了小的观察加工成本,性别规范性信念增加了代词的RTs,而多元性别认同信念的肯定降低了第二溢出区域的RTs。相反,语法性别违规行为仅在第一溢出区域表现出加工成本,并且不受工作记忆和性别/性别多样性信念的调节。综上所述,研究结果表明,非二元代词的处理方式与语法上的性别违规不同,而且它们所施加的小处理成本可以导致足够好的理解。
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“Todes” and “Todxs”, linguistic innovations or grammatical gender violations?
This study compared the processing of non-binary morphemes in Spanish (e.g., todxs, todes) with the processing of canonical grammatical gender violations in Spanish pronouns (e.g., Los maestros… todas…). Using self-paced reading, the study examined how individual differences in working memory and gender/sex diversity beliefs affected language processing at three regions of interest (ROI): the pronoun, the pronoun +1, and the pronoun +2. Seventy-eight Spanish-English bilinguals completed two self-paced reading tasks, one with non-binary pronouns and another with grammatical gender violations, as well as a working memory task, a language dominance questionnaire, and a gender/sex diversity beliefs questionnaire. Processing costs were operationalized as longer reaction times (RTs) or inaccurate responses. Results showed overall processing costs for non-binary morphemes at all 3 ROIs, but no processing costs were observed in terms of accuracy or response times to the comprehension question. The results suggest that processing non-binary pronouns results in a small processing cost that does not affect overall sentence comprehension. The small observed processing cost was moderated by gender/sex diversity beliefs, with gender normative beliefs increasing RTs at the pronoun and affirmation of diverse gender identities beliefs reducing the RTs at the second spillover region. In contrast, grammatical gender violations only showed a processing cost at the first spillover region and were not moderated by working memory nor gender/sex diversity beliefs. Taken together, the results suggest that non-binary pronouns are processed differently than grammatical gender violations and that the small processing cost they impose can lead to good enough comprehension.
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来源期刊
Cognition
Cognition PSYCHOLOGY, EXPERIMENTAL-
CiteScore
6.40
自引率
5.90%
发文量
283
期刊介绍: Cognition is an international journal that publishes theoretical and experimental papers on the study of the mind. It covers a wide variety of subjects concerning all the different aspects of cognition, ranging from biological and experimental studies to formal analysis. Contributions from the fields of psychology, neuroscience, linguistics, computer science, mathematics, ethology and philosophy are welcome in this journal provided that they have some bearing on the functioning of the mind. In addition, the journal serves as a forum for discussion of social and political aspects of cognitive science.
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