[Gender and substance use : men exposed, women vulnerable].

The use of psychoactive substances affects more men than women, with a prevalence that is 1.3 to 2 times higher, except for the use of sedatives. Men are also more affected by accidents, injuries, and acts of violence. As for women, they are more vulnerable to the consequences of substance use for metabolic, hormonal, and cerebral reasons. At the same time, they suffer more psychological problems, somatic complications, and exposure to violence. Sociocultural representations may prevent them from expressing their difficulties and delay their entry into care. It is essential to understand these gender differences in order to take action to reduce the prevalence of substance use among men and to facilitate early detection and treatment among women, particularly around the time of pregnancy.