Magnetically driven wireless implantable interface polarization-enhanced triboelectric nanogenerator for promoting neural cell differentiation

The advancement of implantable electronic devices has significantly improved medical diagnostics, therapeutics, and regenerative medicine. To realize the trend of unwired, simple-operation and high-safety, electronic implantation. We developed an implantable magnetic driving TENG (IMD-TENG) with a zero-Poisson's-ratio design, which processes a novel biodegradable and biocompatible PVA-chitosan (PVA-CS) aerogel by exploiting interface polarization. The electrical performance of CS-based TENGs, achieving an open circuit voltage of 1431 V, and a short circuit current density of 3.88 μA cm⁻². Leveraging the PVA-CS aerogel's excellent biocompatibility and degradability, IMD-TENG was applied in vivo energy supply and electrical stimulation. The results demonstrated the IMD-TENG's compatibility with biological tissues and stable output, along with positive effects on the growth and neurite elongation of SH-SY5Y neuron cells, promoting neuronal maturation and increased Tau protein expression. This innovative approach provides a new avenue for developing implantable bioelectronic devices, with potential applications in treating neurodegenerative diseases and advancing nerve tissue engineering.