Felipe Hermosilla-Palma, Juan Francisco Loro-Ferrer, Pablo Merino-Muñoz, Nicolás Gómez-Álvarez, Rodrigo Zacca, Hugo Cerda-Kohler, Ciro Brito, Jorge Pérez-Contreras, Moacyr Portes-Junior, Esteban Aedo-Muñoz
{"title":"优化青少年足球运动员的肌肉表现：探讨抗跑训练的影响及其与跑距离的关系。","authors":"Felipe Hermosilla-Palma, Juan Francisco Loro-Ferrer, Pablo Merino-Muñoz, Nicolás Gómez-Álvarez, Rodrigo Zacca, Hugo Cerda-Kohler, Ciro Brito, Jorge Pérez-Contreras, Moacyr Portes-Junior, Esteban Aedo-Muñoz","doi":"10.3390/sports13010026","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Speed training with resisted sprints has been shown to positively affect neuromuscular performance in soccer players. Various loads, ranging from 10% to 120% of body mass, have demonstrated performance improvements across the spectrum. However, the impact of sprint distance with optimal load on these adaptive responses has yet to be thoroughly described.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To analyze the influence of sprint distance in resisted sprints on muscle performance in young soccer players.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This quantitative study utilized a pre-post experimental design. The sample consisted of 24 young soccer players (15.3 ± 0.68 years; 61.4 ± 7.08 kg; 1.60 ± 0.06 m) randomized into three groups (10, 20, and 30 m) and subjected to 12 sessions of resisted sprint training over six weeks. The volume was homogenized across groups, with a total distance of 120 m for each. The intervention's effect was analyzed through performance in the isometric mid-thigh pull (IMTP), countermovement jump (CMJ), modified 505 agility test (505 m), and linear sprint tests. Differences were analyzed using a mixed ANOVA, incorporating a between-subjects factor (training group) and a within-subjects factor (pre- and post-intervention).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Time-dependent differences were observed in all groups for peak force (PF) (<i>p</i> < 0.001; η<sup>2</sup>p = 0.62), time to PF (TPF) (<i>p</i> < 0.001; η<sup>2</sup>p = 0.53), impulse at 50 (<i>p</i> < 0.001; η<sup>2</sup>p = 0.57), 100 (<i>p</i> < 0.001; η<sup>2</sup>p = 0.60), and 200 ms (<i>p</i> < 0.001; η<sup>2</sup>p = 0.67) in IMTP; jump height by impulse-momentum (<i>p</i> < 0.001; η<sup>2</sup>p = 0.64), rate of force development (<i>p</i> = 0.04; η<sup>2</sup>p = 0.14), yielding impulse (<i>p</i> < 0.001; η<sup>2</sup>p = 0.49), and concentric impulse (<i>p</i> = 0.01; η<sup>2</sup>p = 0.19) in CMJ; time (<i>p</i> < 0.001; η<sup>2</sup>p = 0.46) in 505 m; and average speed in linear sprint (<i>p</i> = 0.003; η<sup>2</sup>p = 0.36), with moderate to large effect sizes, regardless of the distance covered. No differences were observed for the interaction between the time* and group or between groups.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Performance improvements were independent of the sprint distance, with no differences between training groups. Distances between 10 and 30 m may enhance muscle performance in young soccer players.</p>","PeriodicalId":53303,"journal":{"name":"Sports","volume":"13 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9000,"publicationDate":"2025-01-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11769130/pdf/","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Optimizing Muscle Performance in Young Soccer Players: Exploring the Impact of Resisted Sprint Training and Its Relationship with Distance Covered.\",\"authors\":\"Felipe Hermosilla-Palma, Juan Francisco Loro-Ferrer, Pablo Merino-Muñoz, Nicolás Gómez-Álvarez, Rodrigo Zacca, Hugo Cerda-Kohler, Ciro Brito, Jorge Pérez-Contreras, Moacyr Portes-Junior, Esteban Aedo-Muñoz\",\"doi\":\"10.3390/sports13010026\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Speed training with resisted sprints has been shown to positively affect neuromuscular performance in soccer players. Various loads, ranging from 10% to 120% of body mass, have demonstrated performance improvements across the spectrum. However, the impact of sprint distance with optimal load on these adaptive responses has yet to be thoroughly described.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To analyze the influence of sprint distance in resisted sprints on muscle performance in young soccer players.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This quantitative study utilized a pre-post experimental design. The sample consisted of 24 young soccer players (15.3 ± 0.68 years; 61.4 ± 7.08 kg; 1.60 ± 0.06 m) randomized into three groups (10, 20, and 30 m) and subjected to 12 sessions of resisted sprint training over six weeks. The volume was homogenized across groups, with a total distance of 120 m for each. The intervention's effect was analyzed through performance in the isometric mid-thigh pull (IMTP), countermovement jump (CMJ), modified 505 agility test (505 m), and linear sprint tests. Differences were analyzed using a mixed ANOVA, incorporating a between-subjects factor (training group) and a within-subjects factor (pre- and post-intervention).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Time-dependent differences were observed in all groups for peak force (PF) (<i>p</i> < 0.001; η<sup>2</sup>p = 0.62), time to PF (TPF) (<i>p</i> < 0.001; η<sup>2</sup>p = 0.53), impulse at 50 (<i>p</i> < 0.001; η<sup>2</sup>p = 0.57), 100 (<i>p</i> < 0.001; η<sup>2</sup>p = 0.60), and 200 ms (<i>p</i> < 0.001; η<sup>2</sup>p = 0.67) in IMTP; jump height by impulse-momentum (<i>p</i> < 0.001; η<sup>2</sup>p = 0.64), rate of force development (<i>p</i> = 0.04; η<sup>2</sup>p = 0.14), yielding impulse (<i>p</i> < 0.001; η<sup>2</sup>p = 0.49), and concentric impulse (<i>p</i> = 0.01; η<sup>2</sup>p = 0.19) in CMJ; time (<i>p</i> < 0.001; η<sup>2</sup>p = 0.46) in 505 m; and average speed in linear sprint (<i>p</i> = 0.003; η<sup>2</sup>p = 0.36), with moderate to large effect sizes, regardless of the distance covered. No differences were observed for the interaction between the time* and group or between groups.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Performance improvements were independent of the sprint distance, with no differences between training groups. Distances between 10 and 30 m may enhance muscle performance in young soccer players.</p>\",\"PeriodicalId\":53303,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"Sports\",\"volume\":\"13 1\",\"pages\":\"\"},\"PeriodicalIF\":2.9000,\"publicationDate\":\"2025-01-20\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11769130/pdf/\",\"citationCount\":\"0\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"Sports\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"1085\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://doi.org/10.3390/sports13010026\",\"RegionNum\":0,\"RegionCategory\":null,\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"\",\"PubModel\":\"\",\"JCR\":\"Q2\",\"JCRName\":\"SPORT SCIENCES\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Sports","FirstCategoryId":"1085","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.3390/sports13010026","RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":null,"ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q2","JCRName":"SPORT SCIENCES","Score":null,"Total":0}
Optimizing Muscle Performance in Young Soccer Players: Exploring the Impact of Resisted Sprint Training and Its Relationship with Distance Covered.
Background: Speed training with resisted sprints has been shown to positively affect neuromuscular performance in soccer players. Various loads, ranging from 10% to 120% of body mass, have demonstrated performance improvements across the spectrum. However, the impact of sprint distance with optimal load on these adaptive responses has yet to be thoroughly described.
Objective: To analyze the influence of sprint distance in resisted sprints on muscle performance in young soccer players.
Methods: This quantitative study utilized a pre-post experimental design. The sample consisted of 24 young soccer players (15.3 ± 0.68 years; 61.4 ± 7.08 kg; 1.60 ± 0.06 m) randomized into three groups (10, 20, and 30 m) and subjected to 12 sessions of resisted sprint training over six weeks. The volume was homogenized across groups, with a total distance of 120 m for each. The intervention's effect was analyzed through performance in the isometric mid-thigh pull (IMTP), countermovement jump (CMJ), modified 505 agility test (505 m), and linear sprint tests. Differences were analyzed using a mixed ANOVA, incorporating a between-subjects factor (training group) and a within-subjects factor (pre- and post-intervention).
Results: Time-dependent differences were observed in all groups for peak force (PF) (p < 0.001; η2p = 0.62), time to PF (TPF) (p < 0.001; η2p = 0.53), impulse at 50 (p < 0.001; η2p = 0.57), 100 (p < 0.001; η2p = 0.60), and 200 ms (p < 0.001; η2p = 0.67) in IMTP; jump height by impulse-momentum (p < 0.001; η2p = 0.64), rate of force development (p = 0.04; η2p = 0.14), yielding impulse (p < 0.001; η2p = 0.49), and concentric impulse (p = 0.01; η2p = 0.19) in CMJ; time (p < 0.001; η2p = 0.46) in 505 m; and average speed in linear sprint (p = 0.003; η2p = 0.36), with moderate to large effect sizes, regardless of the distance covered. No differences were observed for the interaction between the time* and group or between groups.
Conclusion: Performance improvements were independent of the sprint distance, with no differences between training groups. Distances between 10 and 30 m may enhance muscle performance in young soccer players.
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