Overview of technological development challenges of diesel particulate filters adapting to future emission regulations

In order to address air pollution and global climate change, countries around the world have established regulations to limit pollutant emissions. Therefore, aftertreatment technologies, such as diesel particulate filters (DPFs), must be employed to filter Particulate matter from the exhaust gases and meet the emission limits set by regulations. This paper reviews the composition of diesel particulate matter, the principles and structure of DPFs, and the recent changes in emission regulations. It also examines the technological evolution of DPF systems in response to stricter standards. Furthermore, it explores cutting-edge advancements in filtration technologies, including the application of new materials and strategies for improving filtration efficiency. In addition, the paper provides a comprehensive review of the latest research on regeneration technologies, particularly those aimed at improving regeneration efficiency and reducing energy consumption during the regeneration process. The paper highlights and compares the advantages and disadvantages of various DPF regeneration methods and the pollutant emissions during the regeneration process. Additionally, this review discusses the research hotspots for DPF under the new regulatory framework and explores the future directions of DPF development based on current research. This review provides valuable insights for promoting DPF technology to meet future emission regulations and contributes to achieving near-zero emissions for internal combustion engines.