Comparing mesh and compressor nebulizers in pulmonary function test in pediatric asthma attacks: A double-blind randomized comparative clinical trial

Objective

Asthma is a prevalent global health issue, especially affecting children in numerous countries. Our study aimed to determine the most effective nebulizer type by comparing the effects of mesh nebulizers (MNs) and compressor nebulizers (CNs) on spirometry tests in pediatric asthma attacks.

Methods

The prospective, double-blind, randomized comparative study was conducted with patients aged 7–15 presenting with asthma attacks. The participating patients were divided into two groups by randomization: those using CNs and those using MNs. A pulmonary function test was performed before and after giving the patients three doses of salbutamol inhaler at 20-minute intervals, and changes in the test were recorded.

Results

The increase in peripheral oxygen saturation was higher in the MN group, although this difference was not statistically significant (p = 0.391). However, statistically significant differences were observed in the decrease in respiratory rate (RR;/min; p = 0.002) and the increase in heart rate (/min; p = 0.022). The respiratory function test indicated a higher change in forced vital capacity (FVC) and peak expiratory flow in the MN group than the CN group, although this difference was not statistically significant (p = 0.258 and 0.256). However, statistically significant changes were observed in the forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1) and forced expiratory flow at 25%–75% of FVC (FEF25–75; p = 0.001 and 0.043).

Conclusion

MNs show superior improvement in vital signs and pulmonary function, particularly in RR, FEV1, and FEF25–75. MNs may be preferred for more effective treatment despite heart rate elevation.