Hepatits-B associated crescentic glomerulonephritis: A rare case report

Hepatitis B virus infection is a global health challenge with high morbidity and mortality. Hepatitis B virus-associated glomerulonephritis is immune complex glomerulonephritis mediated by deposition of HBsAg and HBV antibody in the glomeruli. Hepatitis B virus infection related kidney disease has wide spectrum of presentation, most commonly presented as membranous nephropathy, membranoproliferative glomerulitis (MPGN), and polyarteritis nodosa. It can also present as mesangial proliferative glomerulonephritis, IgA nephropathy and focal segmental glomerulosclerosis but crescentic glomerulonephritis without cryoglobulinemia is extremely rare. HBV-GN most commonly found in endemic areas among infants and early childhood age. Treatment with antiviral therapy, entecavir, a nucleoside analog and corticosteroids along with widespread use of Hepatitis B vaccination has significantly reduced the incidence of HBV- associated glomerulonephritis.