Alimentation lactée des premiers mois de vie et risque d’allergie aux protéines de lait de vache : quelles preuves en 2024 ?

Breastfeeding remains the reference diet to offer to all newborns. The benefits it provides are invaluable for both the newborn and his mother. The prevention of allergic diseases, which progression is indisputable, remains difficult and relies on varied strategies taking into account or not family history. The preventive nature of the early introduction of milk proteins on cow's milk allergy is based on only a low level of evidence. So, there is not enough argument to date to suggest the early introduction of milk proteins if breastfeeding is desired. However, there is no evidence for delaying the consumption of milk proteins compared to the usual schedule of dietary diversification recommended for all foods. In the case of desired exclusive breastfeeding, the first recommendation is to avoid giving supplements and to reserve them for medical indications only. If a supplement is necessary, a supplement without CMP should be preferred. However, if a CMP-based supplement has been administered, continued consumption of CMP should be recommended so as not to cause a breach of tolerance.