Simulation study on the impact of inorganic carrier transport layers on perovskite solar cell performance

Perovskite solar cells (PSC) are currently at the forefront of photovoltaic research due to their remarkable properties, including high absorption coefficients, low exciton binding energies, and high carrier mobilities. To enhance device performance, it is crucial to consider not only the defect and interface states but also the material properties and energy level alignment of each functional layer. This study utilizes wx-AMPS simulations to explore how different carrier transport layers, characterized by varying energy band structures and carrier mobilities, affect PSC performance. The simulation parameters included a temperature of 300 K, a 1.5 AM light source, an interface recombination rate of 10⁷ cm⁻², and an assisted trap tunneling mode. The results demonstrate that reducing the barrier height and increasing carrier mobility can significantly improve cell efficiency. Optimized simulations achieved a PSC efficiency of 28.95 %, with a fill factor of 89.44 %, a short-circuit current density of 28.02 mA/cm², and an open-circuit voltage of 1.15 V. These findings highlight the potential of using inorganic electron and hole transport layers with appropriate energy band matching and carrier mobility to develop high-efficiency and stable PSCs.