The power generated by a photovoltaic (PV) array is reduced under partial shading conditions (PSCs). This article proposed a novel cost-effective solar panel relocation technique (SPRT) to dilute the effects of partial shading over the entire PV array and mitigate wiring loss as well as mismatch loss. In this technique, a set of generalized mathematical expressions is proposed to reconfigure the totally cross-tied (TCT) configuration and evaluate the wiring loss of the proposed configuration. To relocate the panels in distinct rows of array for effective shade dispersion, the proposed mathematical expressions are used. In this scheme, the panels of the TCT-configured PV array are relocated one time physically during installation without disturbing the electrical connection. Also, the comparison of SPRT configuration with different existing configurations is carried out for static, dynamic, and random PSCs using simulation and experimental platforms. From the results, it is noted that the %power enhancement (PE) of the SPRT-configured array lies between 4.28% to 27.59%. Also, the probability of PE in the SPRT-configured array with respect to existing configurations is determined for 2000 random PSCs. Finally, the proposed configuration’s efficacy in terms of consumer revenue generation is validated against other methods.
{"title":"A novel cost effective reconfiguration scheme for consumers to mitigate power losses in TCT configured partially shaded PV array","authors":"Shivam Tripathi, Durgesh Chandra Nautiyal, Himanshu Sekhar Sahu","doi":"10.1016/j.solener.2025.113480","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.solener.2025.113480","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The power generated by a photovoltaic (PV) array is reduced under partial shading conditions (PSCs). This article proposed a novel cost-effective solar panel relocation technique (SPRT) to dilute the effects of partial shading over the entire PV array and mitigate wiring loss as well as mismatch loss. In this technique, a set of generalized mathematical expressions is proposed to reconfigure the totally cross-tied (TCT) configuration and evaluate the wiring loss of the proposed configuration. To relocate the panels in distinct rows of array for effective shade dispersion, the proposed mathematical expressions are used. In this scheme, the panels of the TCT-configured PV array are relocated one time physically during installation without disturbing the electrical connection. Also, the comparison of SPRT configuration with different existing configurations is carried out for static, dynamic, and random PSCs using simulation and experimental platforms. From the results, it is noted that the %power enhancement (PE) of the SPRT-configured array lies between 4.28% to 27.59%. Also, the probability of PE in the SPRT-configured array with respect to existing configurations is determined for 2000 random PSCs. Finally, the proposed configuration’s efficacy in terms of consumer revenue generation is validated against other methods.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":428,"journal":{"name":"Solar Energy","volume":"295 ","pages":"Article 113480"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143860732","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-04-22DOI: 10.1016/j.solener.2025.113521
Lisdelys González-Rodríguez , Basharat Jamil , Mehmet Ali Kallioğlu , Alejandro Cabrera-Reina , Aitor Marzo , Wirmer García-Tuñon , Matías Volke , Fabiola Lobos , Agustin Laguarda
Information on solar ultraviolet radiation (UVR) on the Earth’s surface is essential for fields such as health/materials sciences, and energy. UVR measurements are commonly taken on a horizontal plane, which is also the reference plane for the available database estimates. However, for many applications, such as water treatment, information on UVR in the tilted plane may provide more insightful results. There is a lack of studies in the literature that address the problem of UVR on inclined surfaces. In this study, an isotropic transposition model was used to estimate UVR in tilted surfaces in six different cities along the Chilean territory with potential applications in solar water treatment. In this context, isotropic refers to the diffuse and direct radiation component modeling. In addition, mathematical models were developed to forecast Chilean cities’ monthly and yearly optimum tilt angles. The efficiency of the solar photo-Fenton process for treating paracetamol-contaminated wastewater using a compound parabolic collector photoreactor tilted at different angles, was evaluated through simulation. The gains increased at the highest latitude were 30.13 % for monthly, 21.05 % for seasonal, and 9.23 % for yearly adjustments. The empirical models developed were found to be highly accurate (R2 ≥ 0.81, RMSE ≤ 0.98°, MAPE ≤ 2.70,% SSRE ≤ 0.01°, RSE ≤ 0.02°, and MBE ≤ 0.001°). Using the local latitude as the photoreactor tilt angle (the current general design strategy) resulted in lower efficiency (m3 of wastewater treated per month) than using the optimal tilt angle for the month with the lowest UVR (winter), and the entire year. These results highlight the importance of fine-tuning the photoreactor tilt angle locally and, consequently, the need to develop UVR models that account for this variable.
{"title":"Tilted solar UV radiation estimation and its role in advanced solar water treatment systems","authors":"Lisdelys González-Rodríguez , Basharat Jamil , Mehmet Ali Kallioğlu , Alejandro Cabrera-Reina , Aitor Marzo , Wirmer García-Tuñon , Matías Volke , Fabiola Lobos , Agustin Laguarda","doi":"10.1016/j.solener.2025.113521","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.solener.2025.113521","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Information on solar ultraviolet radiation (UVR) on the Earth’s surface is essential for fields such as health/materials sciences, and energy. UVR measurements are commonly taken on a horizontal plane, which is also the reference plane for the available database estimates. However, for many applications, such as water treatment, information on UVR in the tilted plane may provide more insightful results. There is a lack of studies in the literature that address the problem of UVR on inclined surfaces. In this study, an isotropic transposition model was used to estimate UVR in tilted surfaces in six different cities along the Chilean territory with potential applications in solar water treatment. In this context, isotropic refers to the diffuse and direct radiation component modeling. In addition, mathematical models were developed to forecast Chilean cities’ monthly and yearly optimum tilt angles. The efficiency of the solar photo-Fenton process for treating paracetamol-contaminated wastewater using a compound parabolic collector photoreactor tilted at different angles, was evaluated through simulation. The gains increased at the highest latitude were 30.13 % for monthly, 21.05 % for seasonal, and 9.23 % for yearly adjustments. The empirical models developed were found to be highly accurate (R<sup>2</sup> ≥ 0.81, RMSE ≤ 0.98°, MAPE ≤ 2.70,% SSRE ≤ 0.01°, RSE ≤ 0.02°, and MBE ≤ 0.001°). Using the local latitude as the photoreactor tilt angle (the current general design strategy) resulted in lower efficiency (m<sup>3</sup> of wastewater treated per month) than using the optimal tilt angle for the month with the lowest UVR (winter), and the entire year. These results highlight the importance of fine-tuning the photoreactor tilt angle locally and, consequently, the need to develop UVR models that account for this variable.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":428,"journal":{"name":"Solar Energy","volume":"295 ","pages":"Article 113521"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143855926","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Forecasting wind power accurately is essential for optimizing energy management, improving grid stability. However, predicting wind speed and power generation is inherently challenging due to the intermittent and stochastic nature of wind patterns. The proposed hybrid system integrates the Surface Normal Gabor Filter (SNGF), recalling enhanced recurrent neural network (RERNN) and sand cat swarm optimization, named as SNGF-RERNN-SCSO approach. The SNGF efficiently reduces noise and refines wind data, while RERNN accurately predicts future wind speeds. The model’s computational efficiency is further enhanced by SCSO. The system gives an optimal solution with less calculation time by using the proposed technique. Then, the proposed approach is put into practice in the MATLAB platform and its execution is assessed with present strategies like Random Forest Algorithm (RFA), Recurrent Neural Network (RNN) and Giza Pyramid Construction. The proposed SNGF-RERNN-SCSO achieves lowest Mean Absolute Error (MAE) of 0.1 %, Mean Absolute Percentage Error (MAPE) of 2%, and Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) of 0.3. Furthermore, the proposed technique accomplishes the highest sensitivity of 98.06% maintaining the fastest execution time of 0.3 s. This emphasizes the higher accuracy and computational efficiency of the model, making it a robust and scalable solution for wind power forecasting.
{"title":"Enhancing wind power forecasting accuracy: A hybrid SNGF-RERNN-SCSO approach","authors":"Ramesh Chandra Khamari , Santosh Mani , Rajesh G. Bodkhe , Akhilesh Kumar Singh","doi":"10.1016/j.solener.2025.113513","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.solener.2025.113513","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Forecasting wind power accurately is essential for optimizing energy management, improving grid stability. However, predicting wind speed and power generation is inherently challenging due to the intermittent and stochastic nature of wind patterns. The proposed hybrid system integrates the Surface Normal Gabor Filter (SNGF), recalling enhanced recurrent neural network (RERNN) and sand cat swarm optimization, named as SNGF-RERNN-SCSO approach. The SNGF efficiently reduces noise and refines wind data, while RERNN accurately predicts future wind speeds. The model’s computational efficiency is further enhanced by SCSO. The system gives an optimal solution with less calculation time by using the proposed technique. Then, the proposed approach is put into practice in the MATLAB platform and its execution is assessed with present strategies like Random Forest Algorithm (RFA), Recurrent Neural Network (RNN) and Giza Pyramid Construction. The proposed SNGF-RERNN-SCSO achieves lowest Mean Absolute Error (MAE) of 0.1 %, Mean Absolute Percentage Error (MAPE) of 2%, and Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) of 0.3. Furthermore, the proposed technique accomplishes the highest sensitivity of 98.06% maintaining the fastest execution time of 0.3 s. This emphasizes the higher accuracy and computational efficiency of the model, making it a robust and scalable solution for wind power forecasting.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":428,"journal":{"name":"Solar Energy","volume":"295 ","pages":"Article 113513"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143860279","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-04-22DOI: 10.1016/j.solener.2025.113484
Ali Ravandeh , Mehrzad Feilizadeh , Morteza Bagherpour
The system of multi-effect distillation (MED) coupled to the salt gradient solar pond (SGSP) has been proposed as one of the solutions to the water shortage crisis. In this work, a developed model and a multivariable optimization were presented, which can be used to study the effect of heat exchanger areas within the system. For this purpose, the mass and energy equations of both SGSP and MED were solved simultaneously. The comparison between the model predictions and measured data demonstrated the validity of the proposed model. The results of this study indicate that the first effect should have the largest area within the system, and the optimal area of the heat exchangers increases progressively from the second to the fourth effect. Additionally, to present both general and quantitative results, several dimensionless ratios were introduced for the first time, representing the ratios of each heat exchanger’s area to that of the first effect heat exchanger. The optimal values of the dimensionless ratios for the SGSP heat exchanger, the condenser, and the second, third, and fourth effects of the MED system were found to be 0.89, 0.53, 0.6, 0.62, and 0.69, respectively. These optimal ratios can be utilized in future studies of the system under different conditions.
{"title":"Mathematical modeling and multivariable optimization of the multi-effect distillation coupled to a salt gradient solar pond","authors":"Ali Ravandeh , Mehrzad Feilizadeh , Morteza Bagherpour","doi":"10.1016/j.solener.2025.113484","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.solener.2025.113484","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The system of multi-effect distillation (MED) coupled to<!--> <!-->the salt gradient solar pond (SGSP) has been proposed as one of the solutions to the water shortage crisis. In this work, a developed model and a multivariable optimization were presented, which can be used to study the effect of heat exchanger areas within the system. For this purpose, the mass and energy equations of both SGSP and MED were solved simultaneously. The comparison between the model predictions and measured data demonstrated the validity of the proposed model. The results of this study indicate that the first effect should have the largest area within the system, and the optimal area of the heat exchangers increases progressively from the second to the fourth effect. Additionally, to present both general and quantitative results, several dimensionless ratios were introduced for the first time, representing the ratios of each heat exchanger’s area to that of the first effect heat exchanger. The optimal values of the dimensionless ratios for the SGSP heat exchanger, the condenser, and the second, third, and fourth effects of the MED system were found to be 0.89, 0.53, 0.6, 0.62, and 0.69, respectively. These optimal ratios can be utilized in future studies of the system under different conditions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":428,"journal":{"name":"Solar Energy","volume":"294 ","pages":"Article 113484"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143854420","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-04-22DOI: 10.1016/j.solener.2025.113515
Khuplianlam Tungnung
Buildings account for about 40 % of global energy consumption. The aim is to develop a strategy to implement net-zero energy systems by managing and improving passive design and lifestyle in buildings operation in Jaipur’s hot-dry climate. First, survey and analysis of climate and architecture informed the selection of appropriate passive design elements and materials. Unlike most hot-dry climates, India witnesses hot-dry season with high temperatures and low relative humidity as well as hot-humid sweltering summer when only ceiling fans and air-conditioners are effective. Next, a series of parametric simulations were conducted to find the complementary relationships and three representative modules were selected to find the critical design parameters under flexible ventilation modes. Ventilation modes are expected to be made possible by responsive lifestyles in operating doors and windows. The optimum combination of thermal mass, glazing, and insulation collects, stores, and conserves the coolness or warmness of ambient air. Synergetic passive design’s parametric combinations reduced annual and monthly energy consumption by 60 % and 59 %, respectively. Minimum indoor temperature of 35 °C was achieved when the outdoor ambient air temperature was 44 °C. The parametric strategy using simulation tools affords solutions for building design and operation and complements net-zero energy goals.
{"title":"Parametric passive design strategy towards sustainable net-zero energy buildings in hot-dry climate zones of India","authors":"Khuplianlam Tungnung","doi":"10.1016/j.solener.2025.113515","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.solener.2025.113515","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Buildings account for about 40 % of global energy consumption. The aim is to develop a strategy to implement net-zero energy systems by managing and improving passive design and lifestyle in buildings operation in Jaipur’s hot-dry climate. First, survey and analysis of climate and architecture informed the selection of appropriate passive design elements and materials. Unlike most hot-dry climates, India witnesses hot-dry season with high temperatures and low relative humidity as well as hot-humid sweltering summer when only ceiling fans and air-conditioners are effective. Next, a series of parametric simulations were conducted to find the complementary relationships and three representative modules were selected to find the critical design parameters under flexible ventilation modes. Ventilation modes are expected to be made possible by responsive lifestyles in operating doors and windows. The optimum combination of thermal mass, glazing, and insulation collects, stores, and conserves the coolness or warmness of ambient air. Synergetic passive design’s parametric combinations reduced annual and monthly energy consumption by 60 % and 59 %, respectively. Minimum indoor temperature of 35 °C was achieved when the outdoor ambient air temperature was 44 °C. The parametric strategy using simulation tools affords solutions for building design and operation and complements net-zero energy goals.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":428,"journal":{"name":"Solar Energy","volume":"294 ","pages":"Article 113515"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143854423","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-04-22DOI: 10.1016/j.solener.2025.113457
Adam R. Jensen , Ioannis Sifnaios , Kevin S. Anderson , Christian A. Gueymard
Ground-based measurements remain the most accurate method for determining solar surface irradiance despite continuous improvements in satellite-derived and reanalysis models. However, identifying and accessing high-quality irradiance measurements is challenging, largely due to incomplete information on available stations. Consequently, many studies use low-quality data or have poor geographical coverage, reducing the scientific outcomes. To address this issue, a global catalog of multi-component solar irradiance monitoring stations has been created, streamlining the identification of relevant stations. Each station entry includes the following metadata: station name, location, elevation, owner, network, period of operation, data availability, instrumentation, and climate zone. The station catalog and an interactive map are available for free at www.SolarStations.org. As of April 2025, the catalog contains information on 808 stations, of which 440 are currently active. Only half of the active stations share data freely, highlighting a widespread issue of data availability. The catalog and website are developed openly on GitHub and welcome community contributions.
{"title":"SolarStations.org—A global catalog of solar irradiance monitoring stations","authors":"Adam R. Jensen , Ioannis Sifnaios , Kevin S. Anderson , Christian A. Gueymard","doi":"10.1016/j.solener.2025.113457","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.solener.2025.113457","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Ground-based measurements remain the most accurate method for determining solar surface irradiance despite continuous improvements in satellite-derived and reanalysis models. However, identifying and accessing high-quality irradiance measurements is challenging, largely due to incomplete information on available stations. Consequently, many studies use low-quality data or have poor geographical coverage, reducing the scientific outcomes. To address this issue, a global catalog of multi-component solar irradiance monitoring stations has been created, streamlining the identification of relevant stations. Each station entry includes the following metadata: station name, location, elevation, owner, network, period of operation, data availability, instrumentation, and climate zone. The station catalog and an interactive map are available for free at www.SolarStations.org. As of April 2025, the catalog contains information on 808 stations, of which 440 are currently active. Only half of the active stations share data freely, highlighting a widespread issue of data availability. The catalog and website are developed openly on GitHub and welcome community contributions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":428,"journal":{"name":"Solar Energy","volume":"295 ","pages":"Article 113457"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143855925","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-04-22DOI: 10.1016/j.solener.2025.113517
Khaled A’amar, Yusuf Bicer, Tareq Al-Ansari
The increasing demand for sustainable energy solutions has driven the expansion of pole-installed photovoltaic systems (PIPVS), particularly in remote and arid environments where conventional energy infrastructure is impractical. However, pole-mounted flat PV panels (PMFPVP) suffer from significant performance limitations due to shading, dust accumulation, high maintenance costs, and energy storage inefficiencies. These challenges necessitate frequent cleaning and system oversizing, making them less viable for low-maintenance applications. In response, this review examines the potential of Pole-Integrated Vertical PV Tubes (PIVPVT) as an alternative technology that mitigates these issues while enhancing energy output stability and reducing maintenance requirements. This study employs a comprehensive review methodology, integrating an arithmetic analysis of polygonal VPVT designs with an in-depth techno-economic comparison of VPVT and FPVP systems. The analysis includes a structural evaluation of VPVT materials, operational cost assessments, and a case-based economic feasibility study under different environmental conditions. Key performance indicators such as shading resilience, dust accumulation impact, cleaning costs, and lifecycle economic viability are examined to establish VPVT’s competitiveness against conventional flat PV panels. The results indicate that while VPVT systems have higher initial capital costs, they offer substantial long-term advantages, particularly in non-maintainable or high-dust environments. VPVT technology reduces energy storage requirements by maintaining a more stable power output curve throughout the day, minimizes shading losses due to its cylindrical structure, and significantly lowers cleaning frequency and associated operational costs. The findings highlight VPVT as a sustainable and economically viable alternative to flat PV panels in pole-mounted applications, particularly for urban, arid, and remote locations where conventional systems are constrained by maintenance challenges. This research contributes to the growing body of knowledge on low-maintenance PV technologies and provides a roadmap for future deployments of VPVT systems in sustainable energy infrastructure.
{"title":"Advancements and techno-economic viability of pole-integrated vertical PV tubes: Evaluating alternatives to conventional flat panels in arid and low-maintenance environments – A review article","authors":"Khaled A’amar, Yusuf Bicer, Tareq Al-Ansari","doi":"10.1016/j.solener.2025.113517","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.solener.2025.113517","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The increasing demand for sustainable energy solutions has driven the expansion of pole-installed photovoltaic systems (PIPVS), particularly in remote and arid environments where conventional energy infrastructure is impractical. However, pole-mounted flat PV panels (PMFPVP) suffer from significant performance limitations due to shading, dust accumulation, high maintenance costs, and energy storage inefficiencies. These challenges necessitate frequent cleaning and system oversizing, making them less viable for low-maintenance applications. In response, this review examines the potential of Pole-Integrated Vertical PV Tubes (PIVPVT) as an alternative technology that mitigates these issues while enhancing energy output stability and reducing maintenance requirements. This study employs a comprehensive review methodology, integrating an arithmetic analysis of polygonal VPVT designs with an in-depth techno-economic comparison of VPVT and FPVP systems. The analysis includes a structural evaluation of VPVT materials, operational cost assessments, and a case-based economic feasibility study under different environmental conditions. Key performance indicators such as shading resilience, dust accumulation impact, cleaning costs, and lifecycle economic viability are examined to establish VPVT’s competitiveness against conventional flat PV panels. The results indicate that while VPVT systems have higher initial capital costs, they offer substantial long-term advantages, particularly in non-maintainable or high-dust environments. VPVT technology reduces energy storage requirements by maintaining a more stable power output curve throughout the day, minimizes shading losses due to its cylindrical structure, and significantly lowers cleaning frequency and associated operational costs. The findings highlight VPVT as a sustainable and economically viable alternative to flat PV panels in pole-mounted applications, particularly for urban, arid, and remote locations where conventional systems are constrained by maintenance challenges. This research contributes to the growing body of knowledge on low-maintenance PV technologies and provides a roadmap for future deployments of VPVT systems in sustainable energy<!--> <!-->infrastructure.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":428,"journal":{"name":"Solar Energy","volume":"295 ","pages":"Article 113517"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143860734","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-04-22DOI: 10.1016/j.solener.2025.113539
Rabeya Khan , Nadira Farjana , Mst. Jahida Akter Jim , Jehan Y. Al-Humaidi , Md Rasidul Islam , Md Masud Rana
Strategies to boost the efficiency of bismuth halide-based photovoltaic devices are being investigated, along with the positive ecological impacts of these solar cells. This study thoroughly examines the efficiency of a CsBi3I10-based heterojunction solar cell by employing diverse bottom absorber layers, with an emphasis on the impact of several aspects such as thickness and doping density of various layers, operating temperature and work function of the back contact on device performance. Efficiency has been elevated by determining an extremely effective GaAs semiconductor layer via an accepter concentration of 5 × 1016 cm−3 and enhancing its thickness. In the presented work, a novel CsBi3I10-based heterojunction PSC is designed as Au/NiO/GaAs/CsBi3I10/ZnSe/ITO. Optimizing a precise semiconductor layer for the excellent performance zone of our device is prior to progressing to the HTL and ETL layers. It has been identified that ZnSe and NiO exhibit the most efficient electron transport layer and hole transport layer properties. In addition, a Machine Learning model was employed to ascertain the optimized device performance by observing the progression of the output on input matrices. The heterojunction solar cell demonstrates superior performance, achieving an impressive efficiency of 27.40 %, an open circuit voltage (Voc) of 1.03 V, a short circuit current density (Jsc) of 30.2 mA/cm2, and a fill factor of 88.1 %. This represents a substantial improvement in efficiency, far exceeding that of the conventional CsBi3I10-based heterojunction solar cell. In that vein, this PSC architecture has emerged as a promising future device that is crucial to the fabrication of lead-free heterojunction PV devices.
{"title":"Numerical simulation and performance enhancement of CsBi3I10-based heterojunction solar cell with various semiconductor layers (CZTS, CZTGS, Al0.8Ga0.2Sb, GaAs) along with machine learning-based analysis","authors":"Rabeya Khan , Nadira Farjana , Mst. Jahida Akter Jim , Jehan Y. Al-Humaidi , Md Rasidul Islam , Md Masud Rana","doi":"10.1016/j.solener.2025.113539","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.solener.2025.113539","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Strategies to boost the efficiency of bismuth halide-based photovoltaic devices are being investigated, along with the positive ecological impacts of these solar cells. This study thoroughly examines the efficiency of a CsBi<sub>3</sub>I<sub>10</sub>-based heterojunction solar cell by employing diverse bottom absorber layers, with an emphasis on the impact of several aspects such as thickness and doping density of various layers, operating temperature and work function of the back contact on device performance. Efficiency has been elevated by determining an extremely effective GaAs semiconductor layer via an accepter concentration of 5 × 10<sup>16</sup> cm<sup>−3</sup> and enhancing its thickness. In the presented work, a novel CsBi<sub>3</sub>I<sub>10</sub>-based heterojunction PSC is designed as Au/NiO/GaAs/CsBi<sub>3</sub>I<sub>10</sub>/ZnSe/ITO. Optimizing a precise semiconductor layer for the excellent performance zone of our device is prior to progressing to the HTL and ETL layers. It has been identified that ZnSe and NiO exhibit the most efficient electron transport layer and hole transport layer properties. In addition, a Machine Learning model was employed to ascertain the optimized device performance by observing the progression of the output on input matrices. The heterojunction solar cell demonstrates superior performance, achieving an impressive efficiency of 27.40 %, an open circuit voltage (V<sub>oc</sub>) of 1.03 V, a short circuit current density (J<sub>sc</sub>) of 30.2 mA/cm<sup>2,</sup> and a fill factor of 88.1 %. This represents a substantial improvement in efficiency, far exceeding that of the conventional CsBi<sub>3</sub>I<sub>10</sub>-based heterojunction solar cell. In that vein, this PSC architecture has emerged as a promising future device that is crucial to the fabrication of lead-free heterojunction PV devices.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":428,"journal":{"name":"Solar Energy","volume":"295 ","pages":"Article 113539"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143855927","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-04-21DOI: 10.1016/j.solener.2025.113523
M.E. Yelkovan , M. Erdogdu , Y. Erdogdu , A. Yildiz
Practical fabrication, low costs, and environment-friendly energy harvesting are the most significant features of solar cells sensitized by natural dyes. However, the employment of natural dye reduces the cost of production while causing severe photovoltaic losses associated with magnitude of underlying forces behind electron injection and dye regeneration. Therefore, lack of knowledge based on these forces have limited the development of DSSCs. To overcome these obstacles for unveiling the performance DSSCs, herein, properties of DSSCs obtained from Hyoscyamus reticulatus (HR), and Mahonia aquifolium (MA) were comprehensively investigated. The magnitude of underlying forces behind electron injection (dye regeneration) was estimated to be 0.831 V (0.092 V) and 0.823 V (0.105 V) for HR and MA, respectively. These values were correlated with photovoltaic parameters. We noticed that driving force should be higher for electron injection while it should be lower for dye regeneration. Under standard AM 1.5G simulated solar radiation, HR based device shows a solar to electricity efficiency of 1.20 % (Fill factor of FF = 0.67; short-circuit current density of Jsc = 2.66 mA/cm2; open circuit voltage of Voc = 0.67 V) while MA based device shows an efficiency of 0.22 % (FF = 0.37; Jsc = 1.34 mA/cm2; Voc = 0.45 V).
{"title":"Driving forces of injection and regeneration in natural dye-sensitized solar cells: Insights into photovoltaic performance","authors":"M.E. Yelkovan , M. Erdogdu , Y. Erdogdu , A. Yildiz","doi":"10.1016/j.solener.2025.113523","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.solener.2025.113523","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Practical fabrication, low costs, and environment-friendly energy harvesting are the most significant features of solar cells sensitized by natural dyes. However, the employment of natural dye reduces the cost of production while causing severe photovoltaic losses associated with magnitude of underlying forces behind electron injection and dye regeneration. Therefore, lack of knowledge based on these forces have limited the development of DSSCs. To overcome these obstacles for unveiling the performance DSSCs, herein, properties of DSSCs obtained from <em>Hyoscyamus reticulatus</em> (<em>HR</em>), and <em>Mahonia aquifolium</em> (<em>MA</em>) were comprehensively investigated. The magnitude of underlying forces behind electron injection (dye regeneration) was estimated to be 0.831 V (0.092 V) and 0.823 V (0.105 V) for <em>HR</em> and <em>MA</em>, respectively. These values were correlated with photovoltaic parameters. We noticed that driving force should be higher for electron injection while it should be lower for dye regeneration. Under standard AM 1.5G simulated solar radiation, <em>HR</em> based device shows a solar to electricity efficiency of 1.20 % (Fill factor of <em>FF</em> = 0.67; short-circuit current density of <em>J<sub>sc</sub></em> = 2.66 mA/cm<sup>2</sup>; open circuit voltage of <em>V<sub>oc</sub></em> = 0.67 V) while <em>MA</em> based device shows an efficiency of 0.22 % (<em>FF</em> = 0.37; <em>J<sub>sc</sub></em> = 1.34 mA/cm<sup>2</sup>; <em>V<sub>oc</sub></em> = 0.45 V).</div></div>","PeriodicalId":428,"journal":{"name":"Solar Energy","volume":"295 ","pages":"Article 113523"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143855924","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-04-21DOI: 10.1016/j.solener.2025.113514
Yong Long , Jiyan Li , Yanju Jing, Jiaqing Zhang, Rui Jiao, Hanxue Sun, An Li
The development of high-efficiency solar photothermal conversion and storage materials is critical to address the intermittency and randomness of solar energy. In this paper, we prepared magnéli-phase TinO2n-1(Ti4O7) mesoporous hollow microspheres as photothermal materials by employing titanium dioxide and polydopamine as raw materials and using the high-temperature carbothermal reduction method. The Ti4O7/PCMs with photothermal conversion and energy storage are synthesized by vacuum impregnation of different carbon chain fatty amines (Tetradecylamine (TDA), Hexadecylamine (HDA), and Octadecylamine (ODA)) as PCMs into the Ti4O7. The Ti4O7/PCMs exhibit superhydrophobicity and resistance to acid and alkali. The hollow structures help to minimize light reflection by enhancing light scattering and coupling, the photothermal conversion efficiencies of Ti4O7/TDA, Ti4O7/HDA, and Ti4O7/ODA are 89.9 %, 89.5 %, and 90.3 %, respectively, with thermal conductivities of 0.410 W·m−1·K−1, 0.405 W·m−1·K−1, and 0.418 W·m−1·K−1, and latent heats of 155.8 J·g−1, 162.1 J·g−1 and 151.9 J·g−1. Meanwhile, the nanoconfinement effect of the Ti4O7 hollow structure effectively solves the leakage problem of fatty amine during the phase change process. The Ti4O7/PCMs are assembled by spraying, brushing, and molding to meet the needs of multiple working conditions, and their photothermal and electrothermal conversion performances are remarkable in applying anti-/de-icing.
{"title":"Inorganic hollow microsphere based energy storage phase change composite materials with all-spectrum absorbing solar photothermal conversion for anti-/deicing","authors":"Yong Long , Jiyan Li , Yanju Jing, Jiaqing Zhang, Rui Jiao, Hanxue Sun, An Li","doi":"10.1016/j.solener.2025.113514","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.solener.2025.113514","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The development of high-efficiency solar photothermal conversion and storage materials is critical to address the intermittency and randomness of solar energy. In this paper, we prepared magnéli-phase Ti<sub>n</sub>O<sub>2n-1</sub>(Ti<sub>4</sub>O<sub>7</sub>) mesoporous hollow microspheres as photothermal materials by employing titanium dioxide and polydopamine as raw materials and using the high-temperature carbothermal reduction method. The Ti<sub>4</sub>O<sub>7</sub>/PCMs with photothermal conversion and energy storage are synthesized by vacuum impregnation of different carbon chain fatty amines (Tetradecylamine (TDA), Hexadecylamine (HDA), and Octadecylamine (ODA)) as PCMs into the Ti<sub>4</sub>O<sub>7</sub>. The Ti<sub>4</sub>O<sub>7</sub>/PCMs exhibit superhydrophobicity and resistance to acid and alkali. The hollow structures help to minimize light reflection by enhancing light scattering and coupling, the photothermal conversion efficiencies of Ti<sub>4</sub>O<sub>7</sub>/TDA, Ti<sub>4</sub>O<sub>7</sub>/HDA, and Ti<sub>4</sub>O<sub>7</sub>/ODA are 89.9 %, 89.5 %, and 90.3 %, respectively, with thermal conductivities of 0.410 W·m<sup>−1</sup>·K<sup>−1</sup>, 0.405 W·m<sup>−1</sup>·K<sup>−1</sup>, and 0.418 W·m<sup>−1</sup>·K<sup>−1</sup>, and latent heats of 155.8 J·g<sup>−1</sup>, 162.1 J·g<sup>−1</sup> and 151.9 J·g<sup>−1</sup>. Meanwhile, the nanoconfinement effect of the Ti<sub>4</sub>O<sub>7</sub> hollow structure effectively solves the leakage problem of fatty amine during the phase change process. The Ti<sub>4</sub>O<sub>7</sub>/PCMs are assembled by spraying, brushing, and molding to meet the needs of multiple working conditions, and their photothermal and electrothermal conversion performances are remarkable in applying anti-/de-icing.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":428,"journal":{"name":"Solar Energy","volume":"295 ","pages":"Article 113514"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143851960","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：
京公网安备 11010802042870号