Experimental study on particle deposition behavior in air supply ducts of a high-speed train

The deposition of particles within high-speed trains’ air supply ducts can significantly affect air supply quality, energy efficiency, and the respiratory health of passengers. To study particulate deposition characteristics in such ventilation ducts, an experimental setup replicating a high-speed train air supply duct was constructed. The effects of airflow rate, absolute humidity, particle size, and concentration were quantitatively analyzed. Results indicate that the duct's structure heavily influences deposition patterns, with particles mainly depositing in the main duct and static pressure chamber, while minimal deposition occurs in bent regions. At an airflow rate of 1200 m³/h, the deposition flux shows limited dependence on particle size, but this dependence becomes significant at 1800 m³/h. Increasing particle concentration leads to varying increases in deposition flux across duct surfaces, with bent regions showing a greater sensitivity to concentration changes. High absolute humidity encourages the deposition of smaller particles but has little impact on larger particles. These findings offer valuable insights into the mechanisms of dust accumulation in train air conditioning systems.