Education, intelligence, placement, and selection: A discussion of paradoxes and fairness

Author's Note. This piece was initially prepared as a Foreword to Testing and the Paradoxes of Fairness by Howard Wainer and Daniel Robinson. However, in explicating the importance of that volume, and how further considerations only amplify its powerful argument, the amount of text required to do so became prohibitive. I am grateful to Wainer and Robinson for inspiring me to write this piece and especially to Richard Haier, Editor-in-Chief of Intelligence, who encouraged me to publish this piece in full in Intelligence.