Body weight and measurement traits of Brahman cattle affected by pleomorphic adenoma gene 1 variations.

Background: Pleomorphic adenoma gene 1 (PLAG1) is a zinc finger transcription factor and is widely known to play an important role in regulating growth traits in bovine.

Aim: This study aimed to evaluate the association of PLAG1 polymorphisms with body weight and measurement traits of Brahman cattle.

Methods: A total of 57 blood samples of Brahman cattle and their body weight and measurement traits have been collected. Moreover, the polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism method was used to determine the genotypes of the three polymorphisms in PLAG1, namely g.48308C>T, g.32212 (19 bp indel), and g.45233 T>C. A mix model effect was performed to evaluate the association of PLAG1 with body weight and measurement traits, while the Tukey HSD test was used to compare the means among genotypes.

Results: Genotype variations were observed for the g.48308C>T single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) and 19 bp indel. In detail, the CC and CT genotypes of g.48308C>T SNP were identified and all possible genotypes of 19 bp indel were also identified. On the other hand, g.45233T>C SNP showed no variation. The statistical analysis revealed that SNP g.48308C>T and 19 bp indel had a significant effect on body weight and chest girth (p < 0.05). Both CC genotypes of g.48308C>T SNP and DD genotype of 19 bp indel of the PLAG1 were favorable for those two traits.

Conclusion: Based on these results, the SNP g.48308C>T and 19 bp indel in the PLAG1 could be a candidate marker for body weight and chest girth in the Brahman cattle population at the Center for Superior Animal Breeding and Forage (BPTU-HPT) Sembawa.