Thermodynamic Assessment for Rivaroxaban Nanoparticle Production Using Gas Anti-solvent (GAS) Process: Synthesis and Characterization

Nanoparticles of Rivaroxaban were successfully created using the supercritical gas antisolvent method. The study focused on the effects of pressure, temperature, and initial solute concentration on the size and shape of the nanoparticles, utilizing the Box-Behnken design approach. The optimal conditions were determined to be an initial Rivaroxaban concentration of 25 mg/ml, a pressure of 160 bar and a temperature of 318 K. These parameters resulted in nanoparticles of 340.1 ± 10.7 nm, significantly smaller than the original sample (45 μm). Different analytical methods, including XRD, DLS, DSC, FTIR and FESEM were used to study the Rivaroxaban nanoparticles. The findings indicated that the nanoparticles produced through the GAS antisolvent method had lower crystallinity. The FESEM and DLS data confirmed the nanometer size and narrow distribution of the Rivaroxaban particles obtained through this method.