The establishment and application of a novel spherical sensor based on three-axis accelerometer

The grinding media serves as a source of energy during the grinding process, making it a crucial component of this operation. This study introduces a novel spherical sensor by integrating a three-axis accelerometer within a grinding media ball. Through mechanical motion and grinding experiments, the acceleration data obtained were analyzed using the principles of three-axis accelerometer. The primary conclusion of this study is the establishment of motion characteristic models for the cascading, throwing, and centrifugal states of novel spherical sensor within the mill. These models were successfully applied to industrial grinding, enabling the determination of the motion state of the grinding media under various experimental conditions. These findings provide both a theoretical and a modeling foundation for future investigations into the motion states of grinding media in various grinding and powder processing applications.