Arpad Mihai Rostas , Ramona-Crina Suciu , Marcela-Corina Roşu , Alexandru Turza , Dragoş-Viorel Cosma , Septimiu Tripon , Carmen Ioana Fort , Virginia Danciu , Monica Baia , Amelia Bocirnea , Emil Indrea
{"title":"退火温度是决定ag修饰TiO2气凝胶作为高效可见光催化剂的关键因素","authors":"Arpad Mihai Rostas , Ramona-Crina Suciu , Marcela-Corina Roşu , Alexandru Turza , Dragoş-Viorel Cosma , Septimiu Tripon , Carmen Ioana Fort , Virginia Danciu , Monica Baia , Amelia Bocirnea , Emil Indrea","doi":"10.1016/j.matchemphys.2025.130557","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Ag-decorated TiO<sub>2</sub> aerogels were synthesized using an acid-catalyzed sol–gel method, followed by drying under supercritical CO<sub>2</sub> and annealing within the temperature range of 350–500 °C, with 50 °C increments. This study explores the preparation-structure-performance relationships of <figure><img></figure> aerogels influenced by the annealing process, focusing on their morphological, (micro)structural, optical, and textural properties and surface defects concerning photocatalytic activity. X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Raman spectroscopy confirmed that all aerogels exhibited a single anatase phase of TiO<sub>2</sub>, while electron microscopy (SEM/TEM) and XPS analysis demonstrated the presence of components. Increasing the annealing temperature resulted in particle size and pore structure changes, reducing the aerogel’s overall surface area and porosity, as observed by SEM and nitrogen (N<sub>2</sub>) sorption analysis. Additionally, according to the Williamson-Hall (W-H) analysis based on the X-ray peak profile, the lattice microstrain value decreased while the crystallite size increased with rising annealing temperature. Optical investigation showed a strong UV light absorption characteristic of TiO<sub>2</sub> and a visible light absorption band attributed to the plasmonic effect of silver nanoparticles. Moreover, a gradual photoluminescence (PL) quenching trend was observed with decreasing annealing temperature, indicating a reduction in the recombination rate of photo-induced electrons and holes in <figure><img></figure> , alongside the formation of oxygen vacancies and structural defects, consistent with electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) measurements. The Ag-decorated TiO<sub>2</sub> aerogels demonstrated enhanced visible-light photocatalytic activity for methylene blue (MB) degradation, with the <figure><img></figure> aerogel annealed at 500 °C exhibiting the highest photocatalytic performance. This improvement can be attributed to the synergistic effects of chemical composition, plasmonic enhancement, morphological properties, and light absorption characteristics.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18227,"journal":{"name":"Materials Chemistry and Physics","volume":"337 ","pages":"Article 130557"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7000,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Annealing temperature, a key factor in shaping Ag-decorated TiO2 aerogels as efficient visible-light photocatalysts\",\"authors\":\"Arpad Mihai Rostas , Ramona-Crina Suciu , Marcela-Corina Roşu , Alexandru Turza , Dragoş-Viorel Cosma , Septimiu Tripon , Carmen Ioana Fort , Virginia Danciu , Monica Baia , Amelia Bocirnea , Emil Indrea\",\"doi\":\"10.1016/j.matchemphys.2025.130557\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<div><div>Ag-decorated TiO<sub>2</sub> aerogels were synthesized using an acid-catalyzed sol–gel method, followed by drying under supercritical CO<sub>2</sub> and annealing within the temperature range of 350–500 °C, with 50 °C increments. This study explores the preparation-structure-performance relationships of <figure><img></figure> aerogels influenced by the annealing process, focusing on their morphological, (micro)structural, optical, and textural properties and surface defects concerning photocatalytic activity. X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Raman spectroscopy confirmed that all aerogels exhibited a single anatase phase of TiO<sub>2</sub>, while electron microscopy (SEM/TEM) and XPS analysis demonstrated the presence of components. Increasing the annealing temperature resulted in particle size and pore structure changes, reducing the aerogel’s overall surface area and porosity, as observed by SEM and nitrogen (N<sub>2</sub>) sorption analysis. Additionally, according to the Williamson-Hall (W-H) analysis based on the X-ray peak profile, the lattice microstrain value decreased while the crystallite size increased with rising annealing temperature. Optical investigation showed a strong UV light absorption characteristic of TiO<sub>2</sub> and a visible light absorption band attributed to the plasmonic effect of silver nanoparticles. Moreover, a gradual photoluminescence (PL) quenching trend was observed with decreasing annealing temperature, indicating a reduction in the recombination rate of photo-induced electrons and holes in <figure><img></figure> , alongside the formation of oxygen vacancies and structural defects, consistent with electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) measurements. The Ag-decorated TiO<sub>2</sub> aerogels demonstrated enhanced visible-light photocatalytic activity for methylene blue (MB) degradation, with the <figure><img></figure> aerogel annealed at 500 °C exhibiting the highest photocatalytic performance. This improvement can be attributed to the synergistic effects of chemical composition, plasmonic enhancement, morphological properties, and light absorption characteristics.</div></div>\",\"PeriodicalId\":18227,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"Materials Chemistry and Physics\",\"volume\":\"337 \",\"pages\":\"Article 130557\"},\"PeriodicalIF\":4.7000,\"publicationDate\":\"2025-06-01\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"\",\"citationCount\":\"0\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"Materials Chemistry and Physics\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"88\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0254058425002032\",\"RegionNum\":3,\"RegionCategory\":\"材料科学\",\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"2025/3/4 0:00:00\",\"PubModel\":\"Epub\",\"JCR\":\"Q2\",\"JCRName\":\"MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Materials Chemistry and Physics","FirstCategoryId":"88","ListUrlMain":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0254058425002032","RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"2025/3/4 0:00:00","PubModel":"Epub","JCR":"Q2","JCRName":"MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY","Score":null,"Total":0}
Annealing temperature, a key factor in shaping Ag-decorated TiO2 aerogels as efficient visible-light photocatalysts
Ag-decorated TiO2 aerogels were synthesized using an acid-catalyzed sol–gel method, followed by drying under supercritical CO2 and annealing within the temperature range of 350–500 °C, with 50 °C increments. This study explores the preparation-structure-performance relationships of aerogels influenced by the annealing process, focusing on their morphological, (micro)structural, optical, and textural properties and surface defects concerning photocatalytic activity. X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Raman spectroscopy confirmed that all aerogels exhibited a single anatase phase of TiO2, while electron microscopy (SEM/TEM) and XPS analysis demonstrated the presence of components. Increasing the annealing temperature resulted in particle size and pore structure changes, reducing the aerogel’s overall surface area and porosity, as observed by SEM and nitrogen (N2) sorption analysis. Additionally, according to the Williamson-Hall (W-H) analysis based on the X-ray peak profile, the lattice microstrain value decreased while the crystallite size increased with rising annealing temperature. Optical investigation showed a strong UV light absorption characteristic of TiO2 and a visible light absorption band attributed to the plasmonic effect of silver nanoparticles. Moreover, a gradual photoluminescence (PL) quenching trend was observed with decreasing annealing temperature, indicating a reduction in the recombination rate of photo-induced electrons and holes in , alongside the formation of oxygen vacancies and structural defects, consistent with electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) measurements. The Ag-decorated TiO2 aerogels demonstrated enhanced visible-light photocatalytic activity for methylene blue (MB) degradation, with the aerogel annealed at 500 °C exhibiting the highest photocatalytic performance. This improvement can be attributed to the synergistic effects of chemical composition, plasmonic enhancement, morphological properties, and light absorption characteristics.
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