Research Progress on the Mechanisms of MOF/COF and Their Derivatives in Zinc−Ion Batteries

The rapid depletion of fossil fuels and growing concerns about environmental issues is driving the demand for renewable energy storage systems. Zinc−ion batteries (ZIBs) have emerged as a promising alternative due to their cost−effectiveness, safety, and environmental compatibility. However, practical applications of ZIBs are hindered by challenges such as zinc dendrite formation, hydrogen evolution reactions (HER), and cathode material dissolution. To address these issues, metal−organic framework (MOF) and covalent organic framework (COF) have emerged as promising solutions, owing to their high porosity, tunable structures, and excellent ionic conductivity. This paper provides a comprehensive overview of the latest advancements in MOF/COF and their derivatives in ZIBs. It also examines their roles in cathodes, anodes, electrolytes, and separators, with a particular focus on the relationship between material structure and electrochemical performance, as well as reaction mechanisms. Finally, the paper identifies the challenges faced by MOF/COF and their derivatives, and explores potential molecular−level strategies for overcoming these issues.