NMR spectroelectrochemistry in studies of l-dopa oxidation by graphdiyne/graphene thin films†

In this paper, we employed laser-induced technology to prepare graphdiyne/graphene (GDY/G) heterostructure film electrodes and constructed an in situ electrochemical cell. During in situ testing, we only placed the GDY/G electrode in the nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) monitoring area, which minimized its impact on the NMR magnetic field and maximized the avoidance of mutual interference between electrochemistry (EC) and NMR, enabling the collection of in situ high-resolution spectra. Additionally, we utilized in situ electrochemistry-combined nuclear magnetic resonance (EC-NMR) technique to investigate the oxidation reaction of L-dopa at different pH environments in real-time. This allowed us to infer the oxidation mechanism of L-dopa under various conditions, providing a basis for the application of in situ EC-NMR technology in monitoring the reaction mechanisms of small drug molecules.