Photodetectors based on two-dimensional materials/ferroelectrics hybrid system: Physics, structures, and applications

Photodetection technology is vital to the evolving information society, with two-dimensional (2D) materials photodetectors emerging as promising candidates due to their unique electronic and optical properties. Despite significant advancements, 2D material photodetectors still struggle with limitations in responsivity, detectable wavelength range, response time, and polarization sensitivity. To address these challenges, researchers are actively exploring the integration of ferroelectrics as functional materials with 2D material photodetectors. The synergy between 2D materials and ferroelectrics introduces unique working mechanisms and new possibilities for high-performance photodetectors. This article reviews the latest developments in 2D materials/ferroelectrics hybrid system photodetectors. It begins with an introduction to the fundamentals of photodetectors and materials. The review then explores the use of ferroelectric properties, such as polarization, piezoelectricity, and thermoelectricity, to modulate the hybrid system. The role of ferroelectrics in enhancing the performances of hybrid system photodetectors is highlighted by comparing different structures, supplemented with the showcase of various applications. The article concludes by summarizing the current status of this field and suggesting future research directions, aiming to guide the design and application of next-generation 2D materials/ferroelectrics hybrid system photodetectors.