丹麦口腔外科医生的病毒性肝炎

Flemming Scheutz
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摘要

该研究的目的是调查丹麦口腔外科医生既往临床乙型肝炎病毒(HBV)感染的流行程度和HBV标志物的流行程度,估计年度HBV感染率,并评估是否推荐使用乙型肝炎疫苗。总研究人群包括40名从事口腔手术的个体。向在丹麦各医院和两所牙科学院口腔外科工作的所有牙医发出了调查表和血样要求。36人(90%)回答了问卷调查,而只有27人(67.5%)进行了肝炎表面抗原(HBsAg)、HBsAg抗体(anti-HBs)、肝炎核心抗原抗体(anti-HBcAg)、甲型肝炎病毒抗体(anti-HAV)和血清转氨酶的血样分析。1例临床表现为乙型肝炎病毒感染,抗乙型肝炎病毒阳性。因此,患病率为3.7%(95%置信限:0.1%-19.0%),年发病率为0.3%。患病率并不高于丹麦牙医的总体水平,他们在丹麦不被认为是高危人群。即使对目前的小样本进行适当的统计考虑,丹麦口腔外科医生似乎也不像其他不同医学专业的外科医生一样属于高风险群体。结论是,目前不建议这组牙医使用乙型肝炎疫苗。
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Viral hepatitis among Danish oral surgeons

The aim of the study was to investigate the prevalence of previous clinical hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection and the prevalence of HBV markers in Danish oral surgeons, to estimate the annual HBV infection rate, and to assess whether the use of hepatitis B vaccine is to be recommended for this group. The total study population comprised 40 individuals occupied with oral surgery. A questionnaire and a request for a blood sample were sent to all dentists employed at the Danish hospitals and the departments of oral surgery at the 2 dental colleges. 36 (90%) answered a questionnaire, whereas only 27 (67.5%) had a blood sample taken for analysis of hepatitis surface antigen (HBsAg), antibody to HBsAg (anti-HBs), antibody to hepatitis core antigen (anti-HBcAg), antibody to hepatitis A virus (anti-HAV), and serumtransaminases. One had been clinically ill from HBV infection and was positive for anti-HBs. The prevalence rate was thus 3.7% (95% confidence limits: 0.1%–19.0%) and the annual attack rate was 0.3%. The prevalence was not higher than among Danish dentists in general, and they are not considered a high-risk group in Denmark. Even with due statistical consideration to the present small sample, Danish oral surgeons do not seem to belong to a high-risk group like other surgeons in different medical specialities. It is concluded that the use of a hepatitis B vaccine is not recommended at present for this group of dentists.

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