酶介导的DNA环。

Stephen E Halford, Abigail J Welsh, Mark D Szczelkun
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引用次数: 113

摘要

DNA上的大多数反应是由多聚体蛋白复合物进行的,它与DNA中的两个或多个位点相互作用,从而使位点之间的DNA环出。催化这些反应的酶通常在与两个位点相互作用之前没有活性。本文综述了跨越两个DNA位点的蛋白质复合物的组装机制以及由此引发的酶活性。在酶复体中,有两种主要的途径将遥远的DNA位点聚集在一起:要么蛋白质同时结合到两个位点并在一个环中捕获中间的DNA,要么它们通过能量依赖的易位机制将DNA在一个位点和另一个位点之间转移到一个扩展环中。这里讨论了捕获和易位机制,并参考了在切割DNA之前与两个识别位点相互作用的各种限制性内切酶。
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Enzyme-mediated DNA looping.

Most reactions on DNA are carried out by multimeric protein complexes that interact with two or more sites in the DNA and thus loop out the DNA between the sites. The enzymes that catalyze these reactions usually have no activity until they interact with both sites. This review examines the mechanisms for the assembly of protein complexes spanning two DNA sites and the resultant triggering of enzyme activity. There are two main routes for bringing together distant DNA sites in an enzyme complex: either the proteins bind concurrently to both sites and capture the intervening DNA in a loop, or they translocate the DNA between one site and another into an expanding loop, by an energy-dependent translocation mechanism. Both capture and translocation mechanisms are discussed here, with reference to the various types of restriction endonuclease that interact with two recognition sites before cleaving DNA.

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