婴儿通过面罩雾化给药:三维数值研究。

Tal Shakked, David M Broday, David Katoshevski, Israel Amirav
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引用次数: 15

摘要

研究发现,与常用的口罩相比,使用兜帽给婴儿输送气雾剂更有效、更方便使用。目前可用的引擎盖设计在效率方面具有更大的潜力,而数值模拟可以作为其优化的工具。本研究描述了一种数值模拟的发展和利用,用于研究气溶胶颗粒和载气在三维逼真的头罩和婴儿头部内的传输和命运。这项研究进一步结合了真实的呼吸模式,呼气阶段比吸气阶段更长。模拟口鼻呼吸。虽然基本情况假设在罩内输送气溶胶的漏斗垂直于婴儿的脸,但更现实的情况包括漏斗相对于婴儿的脸倾斜,婴儿的头部相对于漏斗的一般位置,漏斗和头部都倾斜。计算结果与实验结果吻合较好。正如预期的那样,当漏斗与婴儿面部正常时,最有效的药物输送率为18%。在这项工作中提出的不同情景的定量评估增加了医生,护士和家长对治疗效果的了解,根据设备各种功能模式下吸入的实际药物量。
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Administration of aerosolized drugs to infants by a hood: a three-dimensional numerical study.

Using a hood for aerosol delivery to infants was found to be effective and user-friendly compared to the commonly used face mask. The currently available hood design has an even greater potential in terms of efficiency, and a numerical simulation can serve as a tool for its optimization. The present study describes the development and utilization of a numerical simulation for studying the transport and fate of the aerosol particles and the carrier gas within a three-dimensional realistic representation of the hood and the infant's head. The study further incorporates realistic breathing patterns, with a longer expiration phase than an inspiration phase. Both nose and mouth breathing are simulated. While the base case assumes that the funnel that delivers the aerosol within the hood is perpendicular to the infant's face, more realistic scenarios include a funnel that is slanted with respect to the infant face, the infant's head taking a general position with respect to the funnel, and the funnel and the head being both tilted. A good agreement is found between computation and experimental results. As expected, the most efficient drug delivery, 18%, is achieved when the funnel is normal to the infant's face. The quantitative evaluation of different scenarios presented in this work increases the knowledge of physicians, nurses, and parents regarding the efficacy of the treatment, in terms of the actual amount of drug inhaled under various modes of function of the device.

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